Updates The Iranian Space Program Thread

Soheil_Esy · Apr 17, 2021

Part 46

Safir-4 space launch vehicle Part 1

First disclosure

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/1_28429~20.jpg ; http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/22141-%25d9%2585%25d8%25b3%25db%258c%25d8%25b1-%25d8%25aa%25d9%2588%25d8%25b3%25d8%25b9%25d9%2587-%25d9%2581%25d9%2586%25d8%25a7%25d9%2588%25d8%25b1%25db%258c%25e2%2580%258c%25d9%2587%25d8%25a7%25db%258c-%25d9%2581%25d8%25b6%25d8%25a7%25db%258c%25db%258c-%25d8%25af%25d8%25b1-%25da%25a9%25d8%25b4%25d9%2588%25d8%25b1-%25d9%2585%25d8%25a7-%25da%2586%25da%25af%25d9%2588%25d9%2586%25d9%2587-%25d8%25ae%25d9%2588/?page=31
▲ 1. Undisclosed launcher with 4 strap-on boosters, possibly the Safir-4.

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/1_28329~21.jpg ; http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/22141-%25d9%2585%25d8%25b3%25db%258c%25d8%25b1-%25d8%25aa%25d9%2588%25d8%25b3%25d8%25b9%25d9%2587-%25d9%2581%25d9%2586%25d8%25a7%25d9%2588%25d8%25b1%25db%258c%25e2%2580%258c%25d9%2587%25d8%25a7%25db%258c-%25d9%2581%25d8%25b6%25d8%25a7%25db%258c%25db%258c-%25d8%25af%25d8%25b1-%25da%25a9%25d8%25b4%25d9%2588%25d8%25b1-%25d9%2585%25d8%25a7-%25da%2586%25da%25af%25d9%2588%25d9%2586%25d9%2587-%25d8%25ae%25d9%2588/?page=31
▲ 2. Undisclosed launcher with 4 strap-on boosters, possibly the Safir-4.

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/1_28229~26.jpg ; http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/22141-%25d9%2585%25d8%25b3%25db%258c%25d8%25b1-%25d8%25aa%25d9%2588%25d8%25b3%25d8%25b9%25d9%2587-%25d9%2581%25d9%2586%25d8%25a7%25d9%2588%25d8%25b1%25db%258c%25e2%2580%258c%25d9%2587%25d8%25a7%25db%258c-%25d9%2581%25d8%25b6%25d8%25a7%25db%258c%25db%258c-%25d8%25af%25d8%25b1-%25da%25a9%25d8%25b4%25d9%2588%25d8%25b1-%25d9%2585%25d8%25a7-%25da%2586%25da%25af%25d9%2588%25d9%2586%25d9%2587-%25d8%25ae%25d9%2588/?page=31
▲ 3. Undisclosed launcher with 4 strap-on boosters, possibly the Safir-4.

Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lAt1CQds2Xw
▲ At T=2m45s 4 undisclosed space launcher with 4 strap-on boosters. Published on Jun 15, 2009

https://www.aparat.com/v/4HWwF
https://www.aparat.com/v/jHZhb

Wind tunnel rocket with strap-on boosters image from 2004.

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/1_28229~8.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200828232212/http://ipic.su/7yt8fO.jpg ; http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/22141-%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%87-%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7-%DA%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AE%D9%88/page-28 ; http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/13411-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86/?do=findComment&comment=507373
▲ 1. Screen capture of a 2017 Iranian Wind Tunnel Model of a New Heavy Space Launcher, from Iranian Space Research Institute. The first stage core booster has also four new strap-on boosters, and a new second stage of 3.5 meters diameter.

http://ipic.su/7yt8fO.jpg ; http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/1_28229~8.jpg ; http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/22141-%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%87-%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7-%DA%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AE%D9%88/page-28
▲ Screen capture of a 2004 Iranian Wind Tunnel Model of a New Heavy Space Launcher, from Iranian Space Research Institute. The first stage core booster has also four new strap-on boosters, and a new second stage of 3.5 meters diameter.

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/1_28329~6.jpg ; http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/22141-%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%87-%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7-%DA%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AE%D9%88/page-28
▲ 2004 Iranian Wind Tunnel Model of a New Heavy Space Launcher, from Iranian Space Research Institute.
A test model without strap-on boosters, and the heavier version with four additional strap-on boosters.

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/1_28529~3.jpg ; http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/22141-%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%87-%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7-%DA%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AE%D9%88/page-28
▲ 3D CGI mesh of a 2004 Iranian Wind Tunnel Model of a New Heavy Space Launcher, from Iranian Space Research Institute. Two strap-on boosters and four strap-on boosters versions.

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/1_28429~5.jpg ; http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/22141-%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%87-%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%DA%A9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7-%DA%86%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%AE%D9%88/page-28
▲ 2D CGI of a 2004 Iranian Wind Tunnel Model of a New Heavy Space Launcher, from Iranian Space Research Institute.

First ever image from Soraya TV video, published on Feb 23, 2017

Feb 23, 2017
Iran SorayaTV progress&challenges space technology برنامه ثریا با پيشرفت‌ها و چالش‌هاي فناوري فضايي
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-ca6EMyy2oQ
At t=9m45s Iranian Wind Tunnel Model of New Heavy Space Launcher

Moksong-3 (목성3호; 木星3号) or Jupiter-3 ICBM

The new North Korean Moksong-3 ICBM of 3 meter diameter with 4 engines was officially compared in 2017 media to the 2.5 m diameter Russian UR-100N ICBM, aka SS-19 Stiletto.

Interesting hint at the the four engines Moksong-3 (Jupiter-3) ICBM for the next space launch, as posted following the Hwasong-15 ICBM test launch of 29th November 2017.
Note that some of the retired Russian SS-19 launchers have since been converted into satellite-launch vehicles. There are two SLV versions, the ‘Rokot’ and the ‘Strela.’8 The ‘Rokot’ adds a third liquid stage to the SS-19 frame in order to send payloads weighing up to 1,850 kg into low Earth.

Moksong-3 Powered By Four Engines

2017-12-01

If North Korea produces a four-engines rocket like the Russian SS-19 Stiletto (RS-18) intercontinental ballistic missile, it will have the world's most powerful strategic ballistic missile. This monster-intercontinental ballistic missile can be equipped with more than 10 Multiple Independent Reentry Vehicle (MIRV) warheads with separate guidance and targeting systems.

https://archive.md/8JmFV/aa71712dfd3e8bd134d7413b677b601a2fffc891.jpg ; https://archive.md/8JmFV/989920aa98ea4bf02b66e8ca3a84b462f9832113/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191026...data/jajuilbo_com/201604/2016041328284527.jpg ; http://m.jajusibo.com/a.html?uid=36919
▲ 2. Next North Korean space launch: the Moksong-3 four engines rocket, similar to the Russian SS-19 Stiletto (RS-18) intercontinental ballistic missile.

https://archive.ph/2XVg6/e19146457b9d913a79a35d62b0f5c61045220586.jpg ; https://archive.ph/2XVg6/401bf2cca626f0368839da7f60a827668404c437/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210427210051/https://i.imgur.com/WFpAYMZ.jpg
▲ 3. 2012 satellite image of the ~10 meters circular exhaust's pit at the North Korean Tonghae Space Center's Launch Complex 3, suitable to support a Safir-4 space launcher.

https://archive.is/V78GG/c0be5737da1765a05c089442821e753f556aee23.jpg ; https://archive.is/V78GG/59631fb07948a59bf44bbf79aaf27dc0ca09d41c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201002095617/https://i.imgur.com/U695c4K.jpg
▲ 6. Tonghae SLC LC-3 flame bucket of 10 meters diameter for the new Soroush-class SLV!

New estimation for the diameter: about 3 meters. That makes the new ICBM closer to the 3.35 meters DF-5 ICBM and 3.7 meters Safir-4.

https://archive.ph/WlqR0/46ad0f55379cf8b25d3d5e5dcc0bb8a8cfa2c653.jpg ; https://archive.ph/WlqR0/39d78f355ec738c9f21ed04e8bbca0e6308c3180/scr.png ; https://archive.is/P6iQS/46ad0f55379cf8b25d3d5e5dcc0bb8a8cfa2c653.jpg ; https://archive.is/P6iQS/39d78f355ec738c9f21ed04e8bbca0e6308c3180/scr.png ; https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EkDOdvvVcAE7MPi?format=jpg&name=large ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210428124954/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EkDOdvvVcAE7MPi?format=jpg&name=large
▲ 1. A diameter of about 3 meters.

Moreover, the Safir-3 series is fitted only with a two chambers engine, with total thrust that reach 160 ton-force at liftoff.

And new pictures shows 4 nozzles in the new Safir-4-like ICBM!

https://archive.vn/uDCui/e685c6b8331cc63789708de7a658619613f89518.jpg ; https://archive.vn/uDCui/034452d253eca95d27232e89f2e72c46371013f7/scr.png ; https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EkQMKx7WoAAiijQ?format=jpg&name=900x900
▲ 2. New pictures shows 4 nozzles in the new Safir-4-like ICBM.

The question is can the 4 nozzles of the alleged two RD-250 engines, that develop only 2x 80 ton-force thrust or 160 ton-force at liftoff possibly lift the future Safir-4A (Unha-9) SLV rated at more than 210 tons?

https://archive.is/2rPhx/d3e1f4db0a5443566f69dbd4707d8086a08c01ae.jpg ; https://archive.is/2rPhx/5da0c6571f30c780fd5185838827460e930f7775/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201015031542/https://i.imgur.com/5pANfDm.jpg
▲ 3. The Safir-4A (Unha-9) with mass of 210 tons at liftoff, powered by 4 engines of 80-tf.

It would never take off!

The only possibility is therefore 4 nozzles of 80 ton-force each developing a total liftoff thrust of 320 ton-force!

After 8 years, the RD-250 fallacy totally collapses.

Leaving room for the Paektusan-1D engine of 80-tf with single chamber.

Confusion for the western media's professionals in explaining this contradiction: "4 RD-250 engines" ?

https://archive.vn/dU6pa/852d2713d588df003bf6de8172c5a32ed9208057.png ; https://archive.vn/dU6pa/d33f7c43858993013e560c8af2dc954a30342191/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201015031608/https://i.imgur.com/0cMmnl0.png
▲ 4. RD-250 fallacy collapsing.

And indeed, the Unha-9 was from day one intended to be the direct competitor with the South Korean KSLV-II launcher, of 200 tons. Also powered by 4 main engines of 75 ton-force! As both will be launched next year.

https://archive.vn/91yEL/e836cf89073be21597f74d15d80e9805a28cfee4.jpg ; https://archive.vn/91yEL/34f1f4cd565f30f0aecc78dedff394b4efb67503/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201015204641/https://i.imgur.com/9dBgppW.jpg
▲ 5. Unha-9 and KSLV-II both of 200 tons powered by 4 main engines.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 47

Safir-4 space launch vehicle Part 2

Iran's Atlas-Mercury SLV: Sarir-C

New hint from Iran, indicating that the I.R.I. is not only still running in the manned space race, but already actively working on its first orbital single-seater launcher, the manned Sarir (Sarir-C, an unofficial name by Soheil_Esy for more clarity), equivalent in its role to the U.S. Atlas-Mercury launcher!

https://archive.is/asJhr/2f7eba979d5aa310c27d840ab1c4a63df52feb58.jpg ; https://archive.is/asJhr/7bfc34f80350ac96a0c8236a7923ddb7e72545a2/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201217081416/https://rasekhoon.net/_files/userfiles/1398/11213.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201217082235/https://rasekhoon.net/photogallery/show/1556177/Ø¨ÛØ§ÙÛÙ-Ú¯Ø§Ù-Ø¯ÙÙ ; https://archive.vn/C3Nr9
▲ 1. New image published in Iran representing a space shuttle. December 2020.

Indeed, the image published is representing a space shuttle, indicating its role in manned missions.

But this is not new from Iran. An Iranian Space Shuttle has previously figured prominently in a huge graphic that was displayed during the month of January 2019 in Tehran's Valiasr Square.

https://archive.fo/LlgII/ff65c5e613f4e6fa6117675b60d31c2b1e1ec5e1.jpghttp://web.archive.org/web/20190322040402if_/http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/proxy_006.1553224298.jpghttp://web.archive.org/web/20190322040402if_/http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/proxy_006.1553224298.jpg https://media.mehrnews.com/d/2019/01/05/4/3004791.jpghttps://www.mehrnews.com/news/4504592/رونمایی-از-جدیدترین-دیوارنگاره-میدان-ولیعصر-با-موضوع-جوانانhttps://www.mehrnews.com/news/4504592/رونمایی-از-جدیدترین-دیوارنگاره-میدان-ولیعصر-با-موضوع-جوانان
▲ 2. An Iranian Space Shuttle has figured prominently in a huge graphic that is currently (January 2019) displayed in Tehran's Valiasr Square. The billboard is running in conjunction with the 40th anniversary of the Iranian Revolution.
Note that Sardar Shahid Hajj General Hassan Tehrani Moghaddam, the father of Iran's space program is depicted bringing a treasure trove of [NK] blueprints to his fellow countrymen!
The letters IRGM indicating that the project is run by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (Missile Force?). 17 January 2019.

This second iteration signals the near fruition of the Iranian manned space endeavour, that is, enough to reach the disclosure to the public:

• It is fitted with two strap-on boosters, similar to the Sarir-C.

• The core booster is larger, and painted mainly in white color.

• The shuttle itself and the other rockets show also partly a new color scheme never used before by Iran. The reddish orange has only been displayed once before: during the parade of the North Korean Hwasong-16 ICBM.

https://archive.vn/uDCui/e685c6b8331cc63789708de7a658619613f89518.jpg ; https://archive.vn/uDCui/034452d253eca95d27232e89f2e72c46371013f7/scr.png ; https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EkQMKx7WoAAiijQ?format=jpg&name=900x900
▲ 3. New pictures of the North Korean Hwasong-16 ICBM with reddish orange color scheme.

Itself, an evolution from the pinkish color scheme displayed on the North Korean artistic representation of a new rocket with strap-on boosters on 2020 New Year's Eve!

http://archive.is/G56CH/bf276af4075a893f1bfc1d6cca49baefc2bd2bd7.jpg ; https://archive.is/G56CH/827e4fec08826ce3ca1a1d98a8b2b81eaa9b6414/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200103025453/https://i.imgur.com/U9qSP8n.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200102014311/https://dprktoday.com/view/42/17477/0/0/0/k ; http://archive.ph/cHDrX ; https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/49313486836_5a5cf8c6b7_c.jpg ; https://www.flickr.com/photos/dprktoday/49313486836/ ; https://live.staticflickr.com/65535/49313693962_434dd6d9cc_c.jpg ; https://www.flickr.com/photos/dprktoday/49313693962/
▲ 4. Third occurrence of a depiction of a launcher with two strap-on rocket boosters. Seen in the performance of schoolchildren "Snow Falls with Blessing by Mt Paektu on New Year's Day" for Juche 109 (2020) that was given at the Mangyongdae Schoolchildren's Palace on Wednesday.

Only once before did both North Korea and Iran display the same color scheme: a lighter orange painted both on the Safir-2 SLV and the North Korean environmental shroud of the Sohae Space Center's gantry tower.

https://archive.is/2rPhx/d3e1f4db0a5443566f69dbd4707d8086a08c01ae.jpg ; https://archive.is/2rPhx/5da0c6571f30c780fd5185838827460e930f7775/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201015031542/https://i.imgur.com/5pANfDm.jpg
▲ 5. North Korea and Iran displaying the same color scheme: a lighter orange painted both on the Safir-2 SLV and the North Korean environmental shroud of the Sohae Space Center's gantry tower.

This can not be mistaken, as the strong message sent to the world is that both nations are continuing to cooperate in developing more powerful space launchers, such as the first Atlas-Mercury-class rockets (Sarir-C), and beyond, the Long March 2F-class 3-seaters manned rocket (Safir-4)!

http://archive.is/Niz3N/d77f7f62b227ecddcbbc36bc852baf0e640e2039.jpg ; https://archive.is/Niz3N/caf2442ef373cd749dc8f0b55b9775a9b8e0781c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200209135856/https://i.imgur.com/FzyjwiL.jpg
▲ 6. Safir SLV family speculation, as of February 2020.

Conclusion

To sum up, the manned Sarir-C might have 2 main engines in the first core stage, while the manned Safir-4 will have 4 engines in the first core stage.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 48

Safir-4 space launch vehicle Part 3

Sarir is Safir-3, Soroush is Safir-4.

Soroush will be completed by 2029 (1407)

Publish Date: 10 February 1398-07:35 (2020)

The head of the Iranian space agency said: We are developing the third generation of Iranian space launchers, with the Sarir that should be able to put thousands of kg in 600 kilometers orbit.
According to plan, we decided to complete the development of the third phase by 2024 (1402 Persian calendar).
The fourth phase, with Soroush, will be completed by 2029 (1407).

https://www.yjc.ir/00UNol
http://web.archive.org/web/20200210145604/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7241399/%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%A7-%D8%B5%D8%AF-%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%B8%D9%81%D8%B1-%DB%B1-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%86%D8%AF
http://archive.ph/SMgz6

Official: Iran Plans to Send 1-ton Satellite into Orbit by 2024

Mon Feb 03, 2020 11:43

TEHRAN (FNA)- Head of the Iran Space Agency (ISA) Morteza Barari announced plans to orbit satellites which weigh 1,000kg by 2024.

"We will be able to send 1,000-kg satellites to the orbit from 2022 to 2024," Barari said in an interview with the state TV on Sunday night.

He also revealed plans to send satellites into geostationary orbit, which is a circular orbit around 36,000 kilometers (22,320 miles) above the Earth's equator, noting that they will be carried by home-made Soroush satellite carrier.

"This step will start on 2024 and we hope to accomplish it by 2026," Barari said.

http://en.farsnews.ir/newstext.aspx?nn=13981114000268
http://archive.ph/SHESF

4th February 2020

Spoke with Iran Space Agency chief @barari_ir about new SLV projects.
Sarir: can carry an over 500kg payload & deliver it at 1000km altitude - length: 35m, diameter: 2.4m
Soroush: can carry an over 1000kg payload & deliver it at 36000km altitude — liquid-propellant, diameter: 4m

https://twitter.com/KhosroKalbasi/status/1224335207223963648

4th February 2020

Geosynchronous orbit space launcher 'Soroush' is the fourth phase in the country's space program

https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7234656/%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AD-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%DB%B5%DB%B0%DB%B0-%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%88%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C
http://archive.ph/QRwZr

This means Soroush is the first of the Safir-4 family.

Therefore: Soroush SLV, should be able to place some ~2'000 kg to GTO, and ~ 4'000 to LEO: enough for the 'E1' single seater manned orbital capsule.

http://archive.ph/5q1F3/384e9473d6906c5bdc4ef3900e0d6dc4926d49e1.jpg ; https://archive.ph/5q1F3/f919bfce759c1b86edabb67685d2fa339ab0c8fa/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200204114950/https://i.imgur.com/8GaxK4b.jpg
▲ 1. Soroush SLV speculation. As of 4th February 2020.

This is a model of the future Iranian space launch vehicle displayed in an exhibition showcasing Iran's aerospace technological achievements that is currently underway at Amirkabir University in Tehran.

Presumably the Soroush, with a measured core booster diameter of ~36 pixels.

The measured strap-on booster diameter is ~20 pixels.

The measured total maximum diameter is ~77 pixels.

This means a core booster diameter to total maximum diameter ratio of some 1:2.13

• If diameter of core booster is 2.4 meter then total diameter is 5.13 meters, and strap-on booster diameter is 1.3 meter.

• If diameter of core booster is 4 meter then total diameter is 8.52 meters, and strap-on booster diameter is 2.2 meter.

http://archive.is/1KiIt/56b5b1ecf44dfbec5f3e81e68756ed7201d80063.jpg ; https://archive.is/1KiIt/b2cf8278890cf9d2a623b7e8372630ead9d738bd/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200206114153/https://media.mehrnews.com/d/2020/02/05/4/3372837.jpg ; http://en.mehrnews.com/photo/155339/Exhibition-of-aerospace-technological-achievements-in-Tehran ; http://archive.ph/4ShKy
▲ 2. Model of future Iranian Soroush space launch vehicle with 4 strap-on boosters. TEHRAN, Feb. 06 (MNA) – An exhibition showcasing Iran's aerospace technological achievements is currently underway at Amirkabir University in Tehran, on the sidelines of the 18th International Conference of Iranian Aerospace Society.

Notice that there is clearly 3 stages, indicated by the external feed lines for the liquid propellant. The 4th stage of the Soroush can't be seen, as it might be the upper stage for GEO transfert, inside the fairing.

• Also according to the external feed line's length, the strap-on boosters are as long as the first stage, probably some ~20 meters.

All 4 strap-on boosters are also of liquid propellant type.

• Second stage might be ~20 meters long.

• Third stage ~ 5 meters long.

• Upper stage less than 5 meters long.

In this case, the payload capacity is estimated to range ~3 tons in GTO. More than 6 tons in LEO. Can easily place the 3 seaters or Iranian 'Soyuz' manned spacecraft in LEO.

http://archive.ph/jLzcV/74395f1b7b465bd0be005cefd3213ca3afa852f4.jpg ; https://archive.ph/jLzcV/77c86264083b9020fcb69ff2e66741d200c390ce/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200209140541/https://i.imgur.com/MeR37G0.jpg
▲ 3. Old drawings found in Iranian forum.

• First stage might be ~21 meters long.

• Second stage might be ~21 meters long.

Slightly short of 60 meters long. Note that this would match the size of the Chinese CZ-2F & family. Indeed that makes more sense.

SOHEIL said:
Color?

TruthHurtz said:
How about a nice bright pink colour?

Coincidence? I think not!

http://archive.is/Niz3N/d77f7f62b227ecddcbbc36bc852baf0e640e2039.jpg ; https://archive.is/Niz3N/caf2442ef373cd749dc8f0b55b9775a9b8e0781c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200209135856/https://i.imgur.com/FzyjwiL.jpg
▲ 4. Safir SLV family speculation, as of February 2020.

Alas, some confusion at the source in Iranian media.

Take Tasnimnews's representation of the Sarir and Soroush launchers. First illustration from author Fatherland9 dated from 3rd February 2020:

http://archive.is/zo6HN/140b83fc9cdc05285ec0c766c240d76c488d94de.jpg ; https://archive.is/zo6HN/02e72e22a5fc6c362559e233a09f7a3af5d8bdd2/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200203084417/https://cdn.mashreghnews.ir/d/2020/02/03/4/2708604.jpg ; https://cdn.mashreghnews.ir/d/2020/02/03/4/2708604.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200203...ان-برای-دستیابی-به-مدار-ژئو-چابهار-سکوی-پرتاب ; http://archive.ph/2Ul5z
▲ 5. Safir SLV family 3rd February 2020: Soroush, Sarir, Simorgh, Safir.

Then benefiting from the mandatory worldwide COVID-19 lockdown and the associated rest, they seemed to come to their senses, though belatedly, with a revised new drawing on 29th March 2020:

http://archive.vn/OpAeb/c1bab9d609942ee5a6f0d1fdcab976713d98d8e4.jpg ; https://archive.vn/OpAeb/32ee370b0e05a67172ef0289b21df02f335781c3/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200418211102/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EUL-3dOWAAA8uE5?format=jpg&name=900x900 ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200418...والجناح-ماهواره-برهای-ایرانی-را-بیشتر-بشناسید ; http://archive.vn/XNxkq ; https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1399/01/09/2232058/گزارش-تسنیم-ــ-3-از-سفیر-و-سیمرغ-تا-سروش-و-ذوالجناح-ماهواره-برهای-ایرانی-را-بیشتر-بشناسید
▲ 6. Safir SLV family 29th March 2020: Soroush, Sarir, Simorgh, Safir.

But obviously inspired [plagiarized] by the illustration (from a North Korean source) first published here on 9th February 2020, while still omitting the external main engine's nozzles... and of course the color schemes!

Conclusion, always take all the official media's informations with a pinch of salt, and draw your own models, that can't be worse.

Chabahar satellite launch center

9 February 2020

The head of the Iranian space agency pointing to the launch of two telecom satellites in 99 said:
These satellites have been in the final stages and we have begun designing the Chabahar satellite launch center, and the satellite will be launched by Sarir and Soroush SLV from Chabahar SLC.

http://archive.ph/6KxIz
https://www.yjc.ir/00ULTk

For GEO and manned missions, the Safir-4 SLV should head toward the equator Southeastward off the Indian coast.

https://archive.vn/vjAVw/a8a413d97d69c3ea132484a6ae1545f35a828044.jpg ; https://archive.vn/vjAVw/af25fc69f31b39526c43771b15a3d1c2f0e582bc/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200929...age/1399/01/09/13990109133612468200058010.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200329...والجناح-ماهواره-برهای-ایرانی-را-بیشتر-بشناسید ; https://archive.vn/XNxkq
▲ 7. Chabahar SLC suitable for both various inclined orbits, SSO and GEO launches!

Safir-4's Engines: First Cryogenic Rocket Engine of Iran

The Amirkabir University's exposition model reveals several first stage's external feed lines, consistent with the use of cryogenic engines.

These are even visible on the 4 strap-on boosters! These external feed lines are similar to the Korean KSLV-II SLV itself derived from the Angara SLV, both fitted with high thrust cryogenic engine burning a mixture of Liquid Oxygen & Kerosene (RP-1/LOX).

https://archive.is/FCObw/f364ae865fe3004cbca3140df1d0963740f4d645.jpg ; https://archive.is/FCObw/ad0f51eacfce501e912fa34e2e2e756aba7f1070/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201023043110/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EV7L5IPUYAEmwt4?format=jpg&name=large ; https://twitter.com/Kor_Spaceflight/status/1251661938980876289/photo/1
▲ 8. KSLV-II SLV with 4 external feed lines on the first stage.

https://archive.vn/oUsxk/d5c53ba7aa1e89f373a36e0487ab6c56537131e2.jpg ; https://archive.vn/oUsxk/aaa159846754d95cc526a508a8b7a3182767b637/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200728....com/images/rockets/angara/urm1/cutaway_1.jpg
▲ 9. The first-stage booster, URM-1, of the Angara family, with an external feed line.

The reasons for internal feedlines are: Less turns and bends in the lines, the Major drawbacks are assembly complexity and insulation issues.

Besides Atlas throughout the ages and N-1 many other launch vehicles have used external feed or fill/feed lines including the U.S. Space Shuttle External Tank, Saturn S-II, Saturn S-IVB, Delta-IV. The list goes on...

Most vehicles use external feedlines because they are less complicated and thus less expensive than internal ones. The aerodynamic penalty is often less of a concern than the economically painful alternative.

One of the ducts handles a cryogenic fluid and has to deal with insulation/heat transfer issues.

If the upper tank feed line is to be external, then the insulation and pumping considerations would favor RP-1 on the top. This would be the simplest design, both for the LOX system and the upper tank feed line.

If confirmed this would mark the first use of cryogenic engines in Iran!

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 49

Soroush-1 and Soroush-2 SLV

Soroush-1 and Soroush-2 as presented in Iranian TV program. Inaccurate renderings though!

https://archive.ph/kIEyI/1916704d05255c3e15fd503e4e5fac6087b0ace9.jpg ; https://archive.ph/kIEyI/e96c9b0b02b7683e5370e98677df654b1e580e7c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210313172041/http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/EtJ0PsyXEAkumZX.jpg
▲ 1. Soroush-1 and Soroush-2 SLV. February 2021.

Soroush-2 first stage said to use cryogenic engines.

https://archive.ph/NTpo2/990a766f12d1399d5042a193a31462731246fdac.jpg ; https://archive.ph/NTpo2/cbd153365eae908ec7d6f0c78dedffaf0a5dfd0e/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210313173631/https://instagram.fqls2-1.fna.fbcdn.net/v/t51.2885-15/e35/144774413_3600035006777960_6302884122516745662_n.jpg?tp=1&_nc_ht=instagram.fqls2-1.fna.fbcdn.net&_nc_cat=108&_nc_ohc=eMWcLys7JukAX99BVzs&oh=dada9bd9d4da8b46263bbf87f520394a&oe=60771B4D ; https://www.instagram.com/p/CKtclRUFp7d/ ; https://www.instagram.com/p/CKn7YBEJfdv/ ; https://ischallenge.ir/
▲ 2. Soroush-2 first stage said to use cryogenic engines. Engine will be named "Bahman". February 2021.

Inaccurate rendering though!

Obviously an image of the Russian RD-181 semi-cryogenic engine.

In 2014, the Russian rocket industry reached a deal with a US company to supply a modified version of the RD-191 engine. The RD-191 engine was originally developed for Russia's new-generation Angara family of rockets and was already modified under name RD-151 to propel the South-Korean KSLV-1 launcher. The US-Russian agreement put another upgrade of the engine, designated RD-181, on the first stage of the Antares rocket developed by the Orbital Sciences Corporation, OSC, based in the United States.

https://archive.ph/E48Yp/a29e65a8498780c77c6c175483a653b029d60de1.jpg ; https://archive.ph/E48Yp/81a4c7acd0baf65df27ad5e72bdae2112849fd45/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200604001931/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/images/rockets/engines/rd181/silo_1.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200806034927/http://www.russianspaceweb.com/rd181.html ; https://archive.ph/vPFFN ; https://archive.ph/vPFFN/a614999d981574774ebb4caacb2630e4ed3d1879/scr.png
▲ 3. Obviously an image of the Russian RD-181 semi-cryogenic engine.

SOHEIL said:
Color?

TruthHurtz said:
How about a nice bright pink colour?

Coincidence? I think not!

https://archive.is/8FGLt/f87c8bc88d490c7a4bc455782d5c76f46f291349.jpg ; https://archive.is/8FGLt/2e3fbe2d1215c8c0a8dbbe9fce2fd52c586ae356/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210313170732/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EwWzLlMWUAE3DSY?format=jpg&name=large ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210313170755/https://twitter.com/AJ_FI/status/1370698948818657280 ; https://archive.ph/wdG9r ; https://archive.ph/wdG9r/5f1f6a1017a3c2a04024e601a2c56dbb35ee52fc/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210313170854/https://www.sohu.com/a/455516359_100016644 ; https://archive.ph/bNFNy
▲ 4. Darwin-1 (达尔文一号) rocket that uses semi-cryogenic methalox engines.

Look at this Darwin-1 (达尔文一号) rocket that uses semi-cryogenic methalox engines: the global orange color paint and the external feed lines match those of the Soroush SLV!

Conclusion, Soroush SLV should have semi-cryogenic kerolox or methalox engines, and not hydrolox engines. :smart:

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 50

Safir-5 HLV [PLACE HOLDER]

Introduction

• Safir-1 is the first experimental orbital launcher of Iran. It is simply powered by a single rocket engine, based on the Soviet SCUD ballistic missile and uprated to 32-tf Hwasong-7 engine. The steering is made with 4 most basic German WW2-era Aggregat-4 graphite jet vanes. Interstage separation rockets are tested for the first time. The second stage is the first to test gimballed technologies, with two Soviet R-27 SLBM vernier engines. Bi-part payload fairing is added for the first time. The payload is the most basic ranging from 25 to 50 kg. The orbit of 250 km is so low that satellites can not survive more than a couple of month before decay due to the atmospheric friction.

• Safir-2 is the second generation space launcher of Iran. It is meant to test clusters of engines (4 Hwasong-7) and steering with 4 gimballed R-27 SLBM engines in the first stage. As a consequence the diameter is increased from 1.25 meter to 2.4 meter. Second stage also uses a mix of fixed main engine though optional, and several gimballed verniers (4). Third stage allows to reach SSO orbit at 450 km, and circularisation is attempted for the first time. This unlocks observation satellites with designed life that can last years. The payload mass of several 100 of kg unlocks satellites that are no longer experimental, with deployable solar panels, reaction wheel (RW) for three-axis attitude control, large optical instruments.

• Safir-3 is the third generation space launchers of Iran. Starting with the Sepehr a testbed for the new heavy thrust engine of 80-tf, with 2 fully gimballed Paektusan-1D in the first stage. Propellant is still the storable SCUD-type UDMH/AK-27. Second stage could be a mix of fixed engine with 4 verniers totalling ~80-100-tf, or 2 gimballed engines totalling 80-tf. Various versions will be developed in a series, with the addition of 2 strap-on liquid boosters of 80-tf each, called Qoqnoos SLV. An improved second stage of 2.4 m diameter will allow the Sarir SLV to reach higher orbit of 1'000 km with 500kg payload. The heavy Sarir (Sarir-B/C) with addition of two liquid propellant 80-tf strap-on boosters will allow to place payload over 2 tons in LEO, therefore sending Iran first astronaut into a 220 km altitude orbit aboard the manned spacecraft E1 (1.8 tons).

• Safir-4 is the fourth generation space launchers of Iran. The first version Safir-4A will have a lift-off thrust similar to the Sarir-B/C SLV, powered by 4 gimballed Paektusan-1D engines of 80-tf. But both the total height will be increased from 35 meters to ~ 50 meters, and the first stage diameter from 2.4 meters to 3.7 meters. In consequence of the increased volume of propellant, higher orbital altitude of 7'000 km and 10'000 km will be available. The Safir-4B version is an improved SLV with second stage enlarged to the same 3.7 meter diameter. The Soroush-1 SLV, with addition of 4 Paektusan-2A semi-cryogenic (kerolox) strap-on booster of 80-tf will allow to place 1'000 kg to GEO orbit (~36'000 km). Soroush-2 SLV with probably restartable high-ISP hydrolox 3rd stage will even increase the payload to ~3 tons into GEO. A manned version will place the ~6 tons Iranian 3-seaters spacecraft into 450 km LEO, by the end of the decade.

• Safir-5 is the fifth generation space launchers of Iran. The main goal is to place 20 tons into LEO, needed to construct its planned Iranian space station (ISS). Two powerful solid propellant booster of 3.5 meters and 20 meters long derived from the Qaem program will deliver over 1'000-tf, with a core stage powered by a cluster of fully gimballed Paektusan-3 semi-cryogenic kerolox engines ~100-120-tf each. It will support Iran's deep space exploration effort starting with the Moon and Mars.

• Safir-6 is is the sixth generation space launchers of Iran. It's main goal is to allow continuous launches to the Iranian Space Station (ISS) in LEO, to ferry continuously heavy payloads to the Lunar orbit, and to land them to the surface. To make space traffic feasible it will have to be Vertical takeoff, vertical landing (VTVL) capable and fully reusable up to 100 times, 99.5% reliable, with 12 hours between each flights. Payload should be around 20 tons LEO powered by a cluster of 9 kerolox main engines in the first stage.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 51

Safir-6 VTVL Space Launch Vehicle Part 1

Overview

• Safir-1 is the first experimental orbital launcher of Iran. It is simply powered by a single rocket engine, based on the Soviet SCUD ballistic missile and uprated to 32-tf Hwasong-7 engine. The steering is made with 4 most basic German WW2-era Aggregat-4 graphite jet vanes. Interstage separation rockets are tested for the first time. The second stage is the first to test gimballed technologies, with two Soviet R-27 SLBM vernier engines. Bi-part payload fairing is added for the first time. The payload is the most basic ranging from 25 to 50 kg. The orbit of 250 km is so low that satellites can not survive more than a couple of month before decay due to the atmospheric friction.

• Safir-2 is the second generation space launcher of Iran. It is meant to test clusters of engines (4 Hwasong-7) and steering with 4 gimballed R-27 SLBM engines in the first stage. As a consequence the diameter is increased from 1.25 meter to 2.4 meter. Second stage also uses a mix of fixed main engine though optional, and several gimballed verniers (4). Third stage allows to reach SSO orbit at 450 km, and circularisation is attempted for the first time. This unlocks observation satellites with designed life that can last years. The payload mass of several 100 of kg unlocks satellites that are no longer experimental, with deployable solar panels, reaction wheel (RW) for three-axis attitude control, large optical instruments.

• Safir-3 is the third generation space launchers of Iran. Starting with the Sepehr a testbed for the new heavy thrust engine of 80-tf, with 2 fully gimballed Paektusan-1D in the first stage. Propellant is still the storable SCUD-type UDMH/AK-27. Second stage could be a mix of fixed engine with 4 verniers totalling ~80-100-tf, or 2 gimballed engines totalling 80-tf. Various versions will be developed in a series, with the addition of 2 strap-on liquid boosters of 80-tf each, called Qoqnoos SLV. An improved second stage of 2.4 m diameter will allow the Sarir SLV to reach higher orbit of 1'000 km with 500kg payload. The heavy Sarir (Sarir-B/C) with addition of two liquid propellant 80-tf strap-on boosters will allow to place payload over 2 tons in LEO, therefore sending Iran first astronaut into a 220 km altitude orbit aboard the manned spacecraft E1 (1.8 tons).

• Safir-4 is the fourth generation space launchers of Iran. The first version Safir-4A will have a lift-off thrust similar to the Sarir-B/C SLV, powered by 4 gimballed Paektusan-1D engines of 80-tf. But both the total height will be increased from 35 meters to ~ 50 meters, and the first stage diameter from 2.4 meters to 3.7 meters. In consequence of the increased volume of propellant, higher orbital altitude of 7'000 km and 10'000 km will be available. The Safir-4B version is an improved SLV with second stage enlarged to the same 3.7 meter diameter. The Soroush-1 SLV, with addition of 4 Paektusan-2A semi-cryogenic (kerolox) strap-on booster of 80-tf will allow to place 1'000 kg to GEO orbit (~36'000 km). Soroush-2 SLV with probably restartable high-ISP hydrolox 3rd stage will even increase the payload to ~3 tons into GEO. A manned version will place the ~6 tons Iranian 3-seaters spacecraft into 450 km LEO, by the end of the decade.

• Safir-5 is the fifth generation space launchers of Iran. The main goal is to place 20 tons into LEO, needed to construct its planned Iranian space station (ISS). Two powerful solid propellant booster of 3.5 meters and 20 meters long derived from the Qaem program will deliver over 1'000-tf, with a core stage powered by a cluster of fully gimballed Paektusan-3 semi-cryogenic kerolox engines ~100-120-tf each. It will support Iran's deep space exploration effort starting with the Moon and Mars.

• Safir-6 is is the sixth generation space launchers of Iran. It's main goal is to allow continuous launches to the Iranian Space Station (ISS) in LEO, to ferry continuously heavy payloads to the Lunar orbit, and to land them to the surface. To make space traffic feasible it will have to be Vertical takeoff, vertical landing (VTVL) capable and fully reusable up to 100 times, 99.5% reliable, with 12 hours between each flights. Payload should be around 20 tons LEO powered by a cluster of 9 kerolox main engines in the first stage.

Introduction

This program is unprecedented not only since the end of the WWII, but in all human history, as far as the consequences that it implies, and only parallels in scale Julius Caesar's crossing the Rubicon river two millenia earlier.

The Brave New World

Basically, at the core of this epochal game changer, the idea is to create a totally new World, counterpart of the Old World.

The American continent has surpassed the Eurasian one, 500 years after the start of its colonization by the European powers.

This time, space is the new World. The solar system, where humans can never expand due to the Earth's Radiation Belts, deep space radiations and lack of gravity mostly.

https://archive.vn/ywzSV/0c991fa4d814e3de6195d11dc7d420545a7ea426.jpg ; https://archive.vn/ywzSV/3008f8fc8c7276aba4a913f4c6a036eb41ee420e/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201210.../images/content/730041main_20130228-mona2.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201210...oire-et-passage-dans-la-ceinture-de-van-allen ; https://archive.vn/so5Co
▲ 2. Impossible to even escape the deadly zones as they form a closed loop!

A new world populated only by artificial synthetic and robotic subjects.

Videomancy Hint: human spaceflight as it is!

https://archive.vn/kix1i/0f62d5b6c31be6ed4f343bcf1cc033c6d4189c5f.jpg ; https://archive.vn/kix1i/91d0dfdb3874d4a30f080de0a747cf80fe943af0/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210102190837/https://i.imgur.com/oTkNaDE.jpg
▲ 1. Videomancy: The most intelligent inhabitants of that future world won't be men or monkeys. They'll be machines. Kong: Skull Island (2017)

The question is how many subjects are needed to maintain a minimum of administrative, military, economic, industrial and scientific production in order to not collapse and supersede the Old World (i.e. the humankind).

In the hypothesis of a demographic threshold (DT) of about 250 millions subjects, that is the demographic level of the U.S. in 1989, when the nation was about to become the only hyperpower 2 years later, thus able to defeat all the other powers, the question is it is feasible?

How long would it take to populate the solar system with 250 millions artificial synthetic and robotic subjects, and how many flights?

https://archive.vn/3KefG/cfc3c05df5ce863a8b25506e25be2e6760ffae3b.jpg ; https://archive.vn/3KefG/9f4fdd9dddc03a1b71f580a3d36b8fad729cff47/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200919025218/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EiMGLS-WsAEppSS?format=jpg&name=large ; https://twitter.com/Kaynouky/status/1306896794090115073/photo/1
▲ 5. Roadmap of China's manned space launcher 2017-2045. By 2045 fully reusable up to 100 times, 99.5% reliable, 12 hours between each flight, vertical take off, horizontal landing.

In the best scenario, as presented in the roadmap of China's manned space launcher 2017-2045, we could expect fully reusable up to 100 times, 99.5% reliable, 12 hours between each flight, vertical take off, horizontal landing space transportation systems.

The final countdown

With 100 cybernetic passengers per rocket flights, 2 flights a day, 100 total flights per rocket before being discarded, and a fleet of 50 Chinese rockets (as in 2021), that is 50 expendable rockets all to be replaced by reusable ones in the future by 2030:

Per rocket: 100 flights/50 days => 10'000 passengers/50 days
Per fleet of 50 rockets: 500'000 passenger / years

This means a superpower like China by converting all its industrial capacity to produce 50 reusable VTVL rockets would need 500 years to transfer the hypothesized demographic threshold (DT) of about 250 millions subjects, and only to LEO!

And this is only the first and shortest trip. More fleet would be required to shuttle the robotic colonizers from the LEO Space Station to the Lunar Orbit's Station, then a third dedicated fleet would ferry the passengers to the lunar surface. The colonization of Mars would even increase this number!

In 100 years, only 50 millions passengers could be sent to LEO, or equivalent of the U.S. demography in the year 1852!

Now we see clearly why all the industrial capacity of the world is required in this Grand Plan of the world rulers.

This can be declined as following:

• China: 50 rockets a year
• US (NASA): 50 rockets a year
• India (ISRO): 50 rockets a year
• EU (ESA): <50 rockets a year
• Russia (Roscosmos): <50 rockets a year
• Japan (JAXA): <50 rockets a year
• Iran (ISA): <50 rockets a year ?
• Korea (NADA): <50 rockets a year ?
• Turkey (TUA): <50 rockets a year ?
• Thailand (Muspace): <50 rockets a year ?

By increasing the space traffic to 500 rockets each year, all nations included, it would still require 50 years to send the DT 255 millions passengers to LEO!

But we can't produce that amount of rockets due to the weakness of the lesser powers.

Finally to reach the lunar orbit station an then the lunar surface, the fleet needs to be more than 3 times larger!

Cargo fleet that would carry the construction elements and machinery needed to build the first generation ground facilities on the Moon, and refuellers for the rockets, would even increase this number.

Meanwhile, the U.S. Starlink Orbital Array made of 42'000 platforms when completed and all the other orbital internet arrays such as the Chinese Guowang, totalling the 100'000s platforms would need continuous launches for the upkeep, thus the bacteria-type proliferation of "private" launch companies we are witnessing lately.

[table=98%,PaleTurquoise]
[tr][td]Ground Space Center--> Earth GEO Space Station [/td][td] [/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Rocket[/td][td] Starship-class VTVL[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Rocket turnaround time[/td][td]2 launches a day[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Payload to GTO[/td][td] 21 tons[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Passengers[/td][td] 100 cybernetic robots[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Earth GEO Space Station --> Mars GEO Space Station [/td][td] [/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Rocket[/td][td] Starship-class[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Travel duration[/td][td] 80-150 days (average 115 days)[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Mars GEO Space Station --> Mars Space Center[/td][td] [/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Rocket[/td][td] Starship-class VTVL[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Rocket turnaround time[/td][td]two departures a day[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Passengers[/td][td] 100 cybernetic robots[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] --------------------[/td][td] ----------------------[/td][/tr]
[tr][td]Number of Space Agencies[/td][td] More than 10: China, N.A.S.A., ISRO, E.S.A., Roscosmos, JAXA, NADA, Iran Space Agency, TUA, Thailand Muspace, etc.[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Rocket numbers[/td][td] [/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Rocket total by space agency each year[/td][td]50 Starship-class VTVL[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] World's total rockets each year[/td][td]500 Starship-class VTVL[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Total rocket launches[/td][td] [/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Total launches by space agencies each year[/td][td]5'000 launches[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] World's total launches each year[/td][td]50'000 launches[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Cybernetic robot colonizers[/td][td][/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Cybernetic robot colonizers launched each day[/td][td]13'398 robots a day[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Cybernetic robot colonizers launched each year[/td][td]5'000'000 robots a year[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Cybernetic robot colonizers launched each century[/td][td]500'000'000 Cybernetic robot colonizers per century[/td][/tr]
[/table]

Code:

╔══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║                          Earth Ground Launch Center--> Earth GEO Space Station                           ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╤═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ Rocket                                             │ Starship-class VTVL                                 ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Rocket turnaround time                             │ 2 launches a day                                    ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Payload to GTO                                     │ 21 tons                                             ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Passengers                                         │ 100 cybernetic robots                               ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╧═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║                           Earth GEO Space Station --> Mars GEO Space Station                             ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╤═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ Rocket                                             │ Starship-class                                      ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Travel duration                                    │ 80-150 days (average 115 days)                      ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╧═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║                            Mars GEO Space Station --> Mars Ground Launch Center                          ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╤═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ Rocket                                             │ Starship-class VTVL                                 ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Rocket turnaround time                             │ two departures a day                                ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Passengers                                         │ 100 cybernetic robots                               ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╪═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ Number of Space Agencies                           │ More than 10:                                       ║
║                                                    │ China, N.A.S.A., ISRO, E.S.A.,                      ║
║                                                    │ Roscosmos, JAXA, NADA, Iran Space Agency,           ║
║                                                    │ TUA, Thailand Muspace, etc.                         ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╧═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║                                              Rocket numbers                                              ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╤═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ Rocket total by space agency each year             │ 50 Starship-class VTVL                              ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ World's total rockets each year                    │ 500 Starship-class VTVL                             ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╧═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║                                            Total rocket launches                                         ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╤═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ Total launches by space agencies each year         │ 5'000 launches                                      ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ World's total launches each year                   │ 50'000 launches                                     ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╧═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║                                         Cybernetic robot colonizers                                      ║
╠════════════════════════════════════════════════════╤═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╣
║ Cybernetic robot colonizers launched each day      │ 13'398 robots a day                                 ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Cybernetic robot colonizers launched each year     │ 5'000'000 robots a year                             ║
╟────────────────────────────────────────────────────┼─────────────────────────────────────────────────────╢
║ Cybernetic robot colonizers launched each century  │ 500'000'000 cybernetic robot colonizers per century ║
╚════════════════════════════════════════════════════╧═════════════════════════════════════════════════════╝

We see here why Iran and all the other minor regions are absolutely essential and so important in this grand scheme!

Expect the critical demographic threshold to be reached by 2080 AD.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 52

Safir-6 VTVL Space Vehicle Part 2

Vehicle Design

The role of the new reusable Vertical takeoff vertical landing (VTVL) rocket systems is the one of a follow on to the 1960's Boeing 707-120 Jet airliners that were used to ferry millions of subjects from one continent to the other in carrying out one's transcontinental duties.

https://archive.is/CDflN/75ce41c9de383046dc9ba602432912cfcd0f5cb9.jpg ; https://archive.is/CDflN/d2012dd68983b8d92fc000d83cbbcc99dabf54e9/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210102190801/https://i.imgur.com/AW8FE89.jpg
▲ 6. Videomancy: 1960's Boeing 707-120 Jet airliners that were used to ferry millions of subjects in carrying out one's transcontinental duties. Pan Am (2011-2012)

To ferry passengers to the moon, 3 different rockets are required for each steps: to the GEO station, from GEO station to the lunar orbit station and finally from lunar orbit station to the lunar base.

https://archive.vn/oUbxU/060fbf8e8510eaa61c6df1eedcd90e9be4007c09.jpg ; https://archive.vn/oUbxU/fc9bbdc899ed3f076d02cba6f1dbdff230fcab93/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200919025249/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EiGT63DWkAE06W8?format=jpg&name=large ; https://twitter.com/Kaynouky/status/1306488013543944193/photo/1
▲ 7. The new manned launcher associated with the 7 seaters Yuanzhou spacecraft, in the CSS orbit configuration made of one first stage core booster, and in the beyond CSS orbit configuration, made of 3 first stages core boosters powered each by 7 Kerolox YF-100K engines.

https://archive.vn/mv8sa/08e0db9b6658b154ed20f20fee8add0a010a45fa.jpg ; https://archive.vn/mv8sa/cd83768c2846fcade65eed147decc999cbfe5657/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200919025419/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EiGT63qXcAARMsn?format=jpg&name=large ; https://twitter.com/Kaynouky/status/1306488013543944193/photo/3
▲ 8. China's third new manned space launcher, made of 5 core boosters, each powered by 4 engines. Core booster diameter is 3.8 meter.

• Safir-6 is is the sixth generation space launchers of Iran. It's main goal is to allow continuous launches to the Iranian Space Station (ISS) in LEO, to ferry continuously heavy payloads to the Lunar orbit, and to land them to the surface. To make space traffic feasible it will have to be Vertical takeoff, vertical landing (VTVL) capable and fully reusable up to 100 times, 99.5% reliable, with 12 hours between each flights. Payload should be around 20 tons LEO powered by a cluster of 9 kerolox main engines in the first stage.

The video "Iran Space Agency, The future is closer than you think آينده از ديد سازمان فضايي ايران" uploaded on youtube back on 16th March 2019 reveals the scope of Iran's space ambition.

The video follows the launch of an automated cargo spacecraft to resupply the Iranian Space Station (ISS) by a future two stages reusable heavy launcher (estimated ~19'000 kg LEO), and its docking.

A total crew of three astronauts, possibly four can be seen, including one female spacewalker.

Iran Space Agency, The future is closer than you think آينده از ديد سازمان فضايي ايران
March 17, 2019 (Persian calendar 1397/12/26)
1,142 views•Mar 16, 2019
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0uLoQT4d0Rg

The first stage is powered by seemingly 9 engines. Kerolox is the most likely. Thrust per engine could be about 85 ton-force.

The first stage deploys four grid fins after separation to return to the ground.

https://archive.vn/Ckwhr/193df21da84e3050c6f74533cd39f2e9dd333df4.png ; https://archive.vn/Ckwhr/4174c198369522bdb3f04c31fb37d5ff4570e1c6/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210102190914/https://i.imgur.com/fqUe9aM.png
▲ 9. Seemingly 9 engines in the first stage.

https://archive.vn/TjPwT/64026af468c2f9c878f4d3afebe4ed30684d1a40.png ; https://archive.vn/TjPwT/c49f05a3a7d8d2d0db8b41e5362b0cc4984606f2/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210102190940/https://i.imgur.com/wTDa4nH.png
▲ 10. Second stage with smaller diameter.

https://archive.vn/uRDVR/8ed6e59f2045e225246600edc7e78748770fdd61.png ; https://archive.vn/uRDVR/0676cd335a9eb113e50a124ab76382a1e3642837/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210102191019/https://i.imgur.com/yNY7FJL.png
▲ 11. Liftoff.

https://archive.vn/dzBB3/c06d064cda4d8340cc99262a14c1e72dc80ea264.png ; https://archive.vn/dzBB3/2ef871cd21d16438cdb8c3fdff0acfc8fbb89d08/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210102191046/https://i.imgur.com/iktzkji.png
▲ 12. Liftoff.

https://archive.vn/1NBp4/bf0a8b5fef4f8be0d0bdf2380187aa2f404b51ed.png ; https://archive.vn/1NBp4/f451b6722284682a1ad31f49129553a5af246404/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210102191126/https://i.imgur.com/iDKLeYT.png
▲ 13. Stage separation.

https://archive.vn/oJ9Fk/4ff111fb821c1101d366336b50e26cec9fed6576.png ; https://archive.vn/oJ9Fk/f3afd7e2eaded2883ac61b8a6e27a0f707bae441/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210102191156/https://i.imgur.com/HZRMuk7.png
▲ 14. Stage separation and 4 grid fins deployment.

https://archive.vn/zKsrS/16c56331bc2f126ba8186510d44952afcd221044.png ; https://archive.vn/zKsrS/36d4da3b03064368737370715e6a54c17ff4b937/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210102191334/https://i.imgur.com/Q3HUDgA.png
▲ 15. Cargo vessel docking to the Iranian Space Station (ISS).

Similar VTVL LV of other Space Agencies

https://archive.is/rudYE/7022ee2ebae2577097c37654c3b4782253021fd3.jpg ; https://archive.is/rudYE/997b70649be6173cccd0587041121e67834ee6b0/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210124165935/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EsbNYQxXUAA0TU4?format=jpg&name=large
▲ 16. The Euro-Japanese Callisto VTVL reusable demonstrator, and VTVL reusable Ariane Next

https://archive.vn/HqSdp/c63a17c330e593d60d90369e59b26eec1d0f2171.jpg ; https://archive.vn/HqSdp/894ccd62bc348f6f943af771237265f97407d26b/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210124170023/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EsbPPl1XAAE5MmE?format=jpg&name=large
▲ 17. The Callisto VTVL reusable demonstrator co-developed by CNES, DLR and JAXA.

?

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 53

Iranian solid fuel Space Launch Vehicles

Tir and Mehr space launchers

Iranian Tir and Mehr solid propellant launchers as phantasized in the West

German space enthusiast's speculations

https://archive.ph/tiFzo/c64f92166eee938b5e1ed5749015cfefa3b8afc7.jpg ; https://archive.ph/tiFzo/4113213665939a599516ae006b34c8806a7f361b/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20190306161632im_/http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/Rest_World/Tir_Mehr/Gallery/T-M_1.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20151015000210/http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/Rest_World/Tir_Mehr/Description/Frame.htm ; https://archive.ph/1z08E ;
▲ 1. Speculative Tir and Mehr solid propellant launchers.

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10292/45645.jpg
Imam Sadegh Space Launch Center

http://web.archive.org/web/20151015000210/http://www.b14643.de/Spacerockets_1/Rest_World/Tir_Mehr/Description/Frame.htm ; https://archive.ph/1z08E

Two Iranian rockets ready to be launched into space

Apr 11, 2015

Deputy Head of the Iranian Science Ministry's Aerospace Research Center for Executive Affairs Mohammad Ali Farsi announced that the country has built two new space [launchers] named 'Tir' (Mercury) and 'Mehr' (Sun).

Noting that the project to build [space launchers] started in Iran since nearly 10 years ago, he explained that Tir and Mehr [launchers] were also built under the same projects.

Farsi said that the two [launchers] are now ready to launch into space, adding that they could be sent into space in two months at the demand of any research, academic or state center that intends to send satellites into orbit.

http://en.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13940122001253

Images posted on 14 Oct 2004, assembly building for Iran's first space launcher

http://www.shiachat.com/forum/topic/42082-check-out-these-iranian-babies/

3 February 2014

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10198/13921114131419933_PhotoL.jpg ; http://media.farsnews.com/media/Uploaded/Files/Images/1392/11/14/13921114131419933_PhotoL.jpg ; http://www.farsnews.com/imgrep.php?nn=13921114000983
▲ 3 February 2014, Day of Space Technology
Space Technology Day ceremony on Monday morning in the presence of Defense Minister Brigadier General Hossein Dehghan Summit held in the hall.
First look at the new solid propellant space launcher.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 54

Qased-1 Space Launch Vehicle Part 1

Code:

╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║                                        Qased-1 SLV Launch Timeline                                    ║
╠════════════╤═══════════════╤═══════════╤══════════╤══════════╤══════════════╤═════════════════════════╣
║ Date       │ Time          │ Satellite │ Class    │ Launcher │ Space Center │ Remarks                 ║
╟────────────┼───────────────┼───────────┼──────────┼──────────┼──────────────┼─────────────────────────╢
║ 17.04.2019 │ 9:35 Tehran   │ N/A       │          │ Qased-1  │ ISSLC LC-1   │ 1st stage suborbital    ║
╟────────────┼───────────────┼───────────┼──────────┼──────────┼──────────────┼─────────────────────────╢
║ 22.04.2020 │8:28:58 Tehran │ Nour-1    │ Military │ Qased-1  │ ISSLC LC-1   │ First launch from ISSLC ║
║            │(03:59:58 UTC) │           │          │          │              │                         ║
╚════════════╧═══════════════╧═══════════╧══════════╧══════════╧══════════════╧═════════════════════════╝

http://archive.is/dyPVZ/9a59fdd1a51da11ea2c9f6743fd69bc5d22540be.jpg ; https://archive.is/dyPVZ/1e8dddc310e70577014c5e53c4e5a4f5ade60e56/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200821224349/https://i.imgur.com/i2eF98R.jpg
▲ 1. Safir-1 SLV, Qased-1 SLV and Ghadr-H MRBM. Zoljanah is not to scale.

http://archive.vn/oxi5O/6eea75e2bc009b46d016c469a49683e60b1bb4ed.jpg ; https://archive.vn/oxi5O/e932ccdafb3af736a1cc938ca2ea128bc46a14ac/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200823205656/https://i.imgur.com/R4X8CXu.jpg
▲ 2. Safir-1 SLV, Qased-1 SLV and Ghadr-H MRBM. Zoljanah is not to scale.

Specs

Qased 1st stage made of Ghadr missile derived from improved Shahab-3, diameter is 1.25 m and length 12.3 m
Qased 2nd stage made of Salman TVC solid propellant engine, diameter is 0.95 m, length 2.3 m
Payload fairing is 2.6 m length
Qased SLV total length is 17.2 m

IRGC Unveils New Missile with Composite Engine (+Video)

February, 09, 2020 - 14:36

TEHRAN (Tasnim) – The Islamic Revolution Guards Corps (IRGC) on Sunday unveiled a new missile with a composite engine as well as the new generation of engines for propelling missiles and satellite carriers.

The employment of two technologies, namely the composite engine shield and the moving nozzle, have allowed for the use of solid propellant engines outside the atmosphere.

The new achievement enables Iran to manufacture light satellite carriers with solid propellant,

http://web.archive.org/web/20200209173412/https://www.tasnimnews.com/en/news/2020/02/09/2199450/irgc-unveils-new-missile-with-composite-engine-video
http://archive.ph/MqxBv
https://tn.ai/2199450

http://archive.ph/RHuys/313e482943d8018bbe12b7cf9940c741982e4dbb.png ; https://archive.ph/RHuys/964dfd82cd5abce1ce45adbe6bd7800762bce631/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200210160423/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EQXP0MhUwAAeRG4?format=png&name=small ; https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; [plain]http://web.archive.org/web/20200210155928/https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; http://archive.ph/dkqbL
▲ 1. New generation Salman solid propellant engine with TVC.

http://archive.ph/TF6fj/bf2ab88751763680a466c806f09c0e54ef4caf16.jpg ; https://archive.ph/TF6fj/fc09324753bdde94c54bb052e0059d325c2caa41/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200210155021/https://img.supmil.net/data/attachment/forum/202002/10/133028ln6to1qq1wyue0me.jpg ; https://img.supmil.net/data/attachment/forum/202002/10/133028ln6to1qq1wyue0me.jpg ; https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; [plain]http://web.archive.org/web/20200210155928/https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; http://archive.ph/dkqbL
▲ 2. New generation Salman solid propellant engine with TVC.

http://archive.ph/DqIWc/50bb94936d07a072241711d7e9790483c3b5ef5c.jpg ; https://archive.ph/DqIWc/bca9b1676451b5b2a820ee0a03b38c799b9c8557/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200210155129/https://img.supmil.net/data/attachment/forum/202002/10/133028denmmop8psepps38.jpg ; https://img.supmil.net/data/attachment/forum/202002/10/133028denmmop8psepps38.jpg ; https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; [plain]http://web.archive.org/web/20200210155928/https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; http://archive.ph/dkqbL
▲ 3. New generation Salman solid propellant engine with TVC.

http://archive.ph/URe3D/14babf7e485c4ee1532d350014f997327a06959e.jpg ; https://archive.ph/URe3D/50318b9b553b7ed9a589d4582a405acdb880ac66/scr.png ; https://img.supmil.net/data/attachment/forum/202002/10/133028ycn31hcjgzqw2tfs.jpg ; https://img.supmil.net/data/attachment/forum/202002/10/133028ycn31hcjgzqw2tfs.jpg ; https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200210155928/https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; http://archive.ph/dkqbL
▲ 4. New generation Salman solid propellant engine with TVC.

https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200210155928/https://lt.cjdby.net/thread-2610535-1-1.html ; http://archive.ph/dkqbL

Salman TVC solid propellant motor

Iran Salman composite 3rd stage IRBM/ICBM Space vectoring propellant for defeat missile defense
Feb 9, 2020
Iran Salman composite third stage IRBM/ICBM ( satellite ) Space thrust vectoring propellant vehicle for defeat missile defense solid fuel
Third stage space maneuverable nozzle solid propellant, of Intercontinental ballistic missile with a small radar cross-sectional area, enhance the maneuverability of missiles to defeat missile defense systems dubbed Salaman
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RImyQfpWCs8

This is only the first space launcher in a series to come, with an estimated diameter of some ~90-100 cm according to the latest photography. Tir, Mehr, Qaem and Zoljanah are the other members.

But it is a logical incremental step approach, and with ever increased diameter and mass, the family will ultimately evolve into an 350 kg SSO launcher of some 2 meters diameter. With an increase of 1/4 in diameter, to 2.5 meter, the payload can easily reach 1.5 tons. (According to the data of the Chinese CZ-11 evolution)

اگر سپاه بتواند موشک‌های بالستیک با سوخت جامد و پرتابگرهای متحرک را توسعه دهد، به روسیه، چین و کره شمالی می‌پیوندد که تنها کشورهای جهان با موشک‌های بالستیکِ متحرک هستند. حتی ایالات متحده نیز فاقد موشک‌های متحرک است که به حملات غافلگیرکننده اختصاص دارند.

If the IRGC can develop solid-fuel rockets launched from mobile launchers, it will join Russia, China and North Korea, which are the only countries in the world with TEL launched rockets.

http://web.archive.org/web/20200608070215/https://www.mashreghnews.ir/news/1080594/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%85%DA%A9%D8%B3-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B4%DA%A9%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%87-%D9%88-%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86-%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%AF%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA
http://archive.vn/7Ejtq

Comdr terms Iran's presence in space as inevitable necessity

Apr 22, 2020, 9:41 PM

News Code: 83761370

Tehran, April 22, IRNA - Commander of the IRGC's Aerospace Force, Brigadier-General Amir-Ali Hajizadeh said taking advantage of presence in space is not a choice but an inevitable necessity, adding that we should find our position in the space.

Elaborating on the operation of launching Noor Satellite by three-stage carrier Ghased, Hajizadeh said Ghased carrier is different from previous types in that its propulsion is combination of liquid and solid fuel and has three stages.

The satellite propulsion with a non-metallic and composite body, was recently unveiled by the IRGC Commander Major General Hossein Salami, he added.

He noted that producing satellite carriers with solid fuel is an achievement made by Iran over the last few years.

Naturally, only superpowers enjoy this capability, and others are just consumers of the technology, Iranian commander reiterated.

The first military satellite of Iran was successfully put on orbit by the Islamic Revolution Guards Corps on Wednesday.

According to IRGC, ‘Noor Satellite’, the first Iranian military satellite, was launched from three-stage carrier Ghased and was placed in 425-km orbit.

9376**1424

http://web.archive.org/web/20200501205843/https://en.irna.ir/news/83761370/Comdr-terms-Iran-s-presence-in-space-as-inevitable-necessity
https://archive.ph/tHR0O

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 55

Qased-1 Space Launch Vehicle Part 2

IRGC Air Force, which was formed from a change in the mission definitions of the IRGC Air Force in the late 1980s, formed a space command and developed a roadmap to create the required space power in the field of defense for the Republic Islamic of Iran.

One of the goals of the IRGC Air Force was to create the ability to launch satellites due to the widespread need for space-based platforms, which today has definitely become a necessity for being powerful.

The first launch in 2019 of the Qased launcher was carrying a test payload called Naba. The mission took place at 9:35 a.m. Tehran time, and the Naba payload managed to send an image from an altitude of 250 km off the east coast of the Caspian Sea.

https://archive.ph/d1PPs/b388cdac62489f67032bf6803f6708c8d98ce491.jpg ; https://archive.ph/d1PPs/6a0901beb81f065315dc5a4086c495873ca9c719/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116021607/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821120013362215971910.jpg
▲ 1. Trajectory of the first suborbital flight test.

https://archive.ph/T1Bqj/566f8a21d28f4e1db50e2143c35f376c73b23ed2.jpg ; https://archive.ph/T1Bqj/e9d27eb2fec9463498670dc64d7482b4f100baff/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116073151/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821120554269215975110.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201111114139/https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1399/08/21/2387289/%D8%B7%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84-%DA%A9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%87 ; https://archive.ph/uo3JT
▲ 2. Image of the east coast of the Caspian Sea transmitted from an altitude of 250 km by the first suborbital Qased test flight in 2019.

This was probably the first successful image of a space payload at this altitude. The implementation of this mission at the beginning of 2019 shows that the IRGC has also quietly completed the development of fixed and mobile ground control stations to be used in this mission.

https://archive.ph/S0mkR/40ea2537e5d691bb4a4d98187b8cd957a0243842.jpg ; https://archive.ph/S0mkR/a984ca9bded0c612b3ca517dded122dc37bce073/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116023018/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/1399082112075104215975510.jpg
▲ 3. An image of the IRGC satellite tracking station has been published for the first time.

In February 2020, the unveiling of Salman's solid fuel space engine with a moving nozzle (TVC) was the first official announcement of the IRGC's new space achievements.

https://archive.ph/NFZo0/50992f849e7097cc27b9b3466dc501e08579e71b.jpg ; https://archive.ph/NFZo0/3801e76a246347aa502c01e534f68ca6664233ce/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116032042/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821121747458215977810.jpg
▲ 4. Salman-1 TVC solid motor of the IRGC.

https://archive.ph/B2s0E/b9b64c6f33b0893eec23883400141b2883ebca09.jpg ; https://archive.ph/B2s0E/58f601cdaf782c83f56d0c8e1b4b2cf2e4bf475d/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116035931/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821122018834215978210.jpg
▲ 5. Salman-1 TVC solid motor of the IRGC during static test.

After unveiling the Salman-1 solid fuel space engine with a moving nozzle, less than 3 months later, on 22 April 2020, the IRGC entered a new arena of space capability with the successful launch of the Ghased-1 three-stage launcher and the successful injection of the Noor-1 satellite as Iran's first military satellite.

https://archive.ph/m16ZU/501603346e25d98a6601493bcaa864c5f28523d9.jpg ; https://archive.ph/m16ZU/42607f8b45b3d4211393320c2146d183c6fcde5f/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116145609/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/1399082112215537215978510.jpg
▲ 6. Ground track of the Qased-1 SLV launched from the IRGC space center.

https://archive.ph/gs4jx/4c0022e29dcecd3a38f87637ccd127f36dcbe995.jpg ; https://archive.ph/gs4jx/e423d4cf813206e466419f403bc8355cfb75082d/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201119165424/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821121622864215977510.jpg
▲ 7. Qased SLV on the TEL at the IRGC space center.

https://archive.ph/IVEGC/b7b8e10c07e55782599cb783ee7a44ba8738160c.jpg ; https://archive.ph/IVEGC/5a36d680f9947c8db8a5be96c62c6c8b1f9ec0a8/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116080636/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821104545867215962810.jpg
▲ 8. Qased SLV on the TEL at the IRGC space center.

https://archive.ph/0maN3/98fa040594f8d5afb956a0026ac68b3dab1d4991.jpg ; https://archive.ph/0maN3/a670f7d0945a22841cbf6b108965a659741d4816/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210423200536/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/02/17/1399021714243031520307114.jpg
▲ 9. Qased-1 SLV maiden launch.

According to a TV documentary the Qased-1 SLV is capable of carrying a 20 kg or more payload into orbit. But the weight and dimensions of the Noor-1 satellite are still unclear.

According to the available information, Ghased-1 uses Qadr ballistic missile propellants in its first stage and Salman solid propellant space propellants in the second stage. In the third stage, another liquid fuel propellant is responsible for delivering the required satellite to the required speed and injecting it into orbit. According to the pictures, Ghased-1 has a length of about 18.1 meters and its mass in the first stage is about 16 tons.

The first stage of Ghased-1, after 118 seconds of operation, is turned off and separated at an altitude of 80 km and falls into the atmosphere. After that, the second stage separates at 290 seconds and at an altitude of 415 km and falls into the atmosphere.

Finally, the third-stage engine injects the satellite into orbit at 430 km x 480 km at a speed of 7.65 km/s, which is equivalent to Mach 28 (based on the speed of sound at that altitude).

https://archive.ph/nUwJS/316642e0c4c388d0d84b73b46e2fedd3b95cadb2.jpg ; https://archive.ph/nUwJS/7bf2677fed83c0edf91b3b0729cd56781b3f985b/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116022434/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821122447709215978910.jpg
▲ 10. Pictures of the separation of the first stage of the Qased SLV.

https://archive.ph/HI5W3/cfc7f47b7b262e4b1e0473e12813d121dad1145f.jpg ; https://archive.ph/HI5W3/b2b630b5198253ad6e7ea3da3568ac127055bb52/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116072505/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821122549866215979010.jpg
▲ 11. Ignition of the Salman-1 solid propellant TVC 2nd stage.

https://archive.ph/bUKkY/169282e19e9774ff6b6cf37c62330948b17b029a.jpg ; https://archive.ph/bUKkY/852b2c17292b00353ac8dabe05b066b1b0544fae/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116055608/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821122712475215979310.jpg
▲ 12. Mission Control of the Qased-1 SLV.

https://archive.ph/tDZwL/74b2530e9195a0416307443088c25b2b37ce7c1d.jpg ; https://archive.ph/tDZwL/60d9050641f84fa1dcd0e05cc5e5c6067dbdae15/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116092045/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821122821272215979610.jpg
▲ 13. Graph of the propulsion performance of the Qased SLV.

https://archive.ph/c5S9i/63f320a1e1f9be55a94b7293d0f0cf0c4d4395b9.jpg ; https://archive.ph/c5S9i/eb8a3e4458abc36b2f79699d33394aeedc55e101/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116022741/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821123025726215979910.png
▲ 14. Graphic display of the propulsion components of the third stage of the Qased SLV.

What can be seen from the appearance of the displayed image for this rectangular cube satellite, Noor-1 has four foldable solar panels that to provide the necessary electricity during the one-year operating life of this satellite. It should be noted that the operating life of the satellite depends on the orbital life and the life of the equipment installed on it.

https://archive.ph/wi0dL/34fd780035c8837668a9adde64cbade1a25feece.jpg ; https://archive.ph/wi0dL/e713222ed9a616540e3345203fe2b3631dd98912/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201116023408/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/08/21/13990821122939616215979710.jpg
▲ 15. Image of the cubsat and four solar panels.

Orbital life at an altitude of 430 km is about 2 to 3 years, so the one-year life of Noor-1 is related to the equipment installed on it and of course the burden of technology development in its mission. After stabilizing this stage, the next satellites will use equipment with a longer lifespan, which is definitely more expensive and will not be used with caution in the first launch.

In addition to operational and long-term testing of communication subsystems, control and exchange of data with satellite ground stations and as well as operational use of ground stations in the role of controlling and using satellites and receiving images briefly of capabilities acquired or stabilized with this successful launch.

1. Successful test of the first rocket with three stages
2. Successful test of the first rocket with a combination of liquid and solid fuels
3. Salman propulsion orbital test
4. The first satellite carrier and even first rocket with a fully mobile nozzle for a solid fuel engine
5. Successful operational testing of final stage liquid fuel engine with 6 nozzles for precise injection speed adjustment
6. Development of the first satellite launcher with a mobile launch platform that can be fired from different latitudes to the south of the country, which will improve the ratio of payload to the total weight of the satellite carrier.
7. Breaking the record of the operational life of the country's satellites after more than 7 months after the launch
8. Operational application of solar panel opening technology for the first time in the entire space program of the country
9. Sending images of the Earth from orbiting satellites for the first time in the entire space program of the country
10. Upgrading the orbit captured by Iranian satellites from elliptical 375 km to circular 430 km

As a first step, the Noor-1 satellite is equipped with sensors that detect and receive and send signals that test several important technologies and major subsystems, paving the way for the launch of subsequent satellites.

The Noor-2 satellite, which according to the evidence in the IRGC officials' statements is ready for operation, will be injected with more capabilities and in a higher orbit, but at the level of LEO.

Finally, the IRGC will enter the Medium Orbit (MEO) and geosynchronous orbit (Geo) to take advantage of advanced navigation and communication services. Of course, higher orbits and heavier payloads also require more powerful satellite carriers.

http://web.archive.org/web/20201111114139/https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1399/08/21/2387289/%D8%B7%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%BA%D9%88%D9%84-%DA%A9%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85-%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D9%87-%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85-%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%AF-%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D8%B2-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%87
https://archive.ph/uo3JT

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 56

Qased-2 Space Launch Vehicle Part 1

Activities spotted at Imam Sadegh Satellite Launch Center

https://twitter.com/x/status/1344149612446187521

Per Jabbar Ali Zakeri, the Zafar 2 satellite is ready to be launched. The only activity seen on Sat Imagery comes from Sharhoud Launch Pad where in Dec 13 the gantry was moved west from its central position. It still does not indicate an imminent launch.
Dec 30, 2020·
http://web.archive.org/web/20210103055827/https://twitter.com/FlashdotNews/status/1344149612446187521
https://archive.is/CpwCw

Space satellite imagery on 13th December 2020 shows that the gantry was moved west from its central position from the Launch Pad.

It still does not indicate an imminent launch.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 57

Zoljanah-1 Space Launch Vehicle Part 1

Code:

╔═══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║                           Zoljanah-1 SLV Launch Timeline                              ║
╠═══════╤══════╤═══════════╤═══════╤════════════╤══════════════╤════════════════════════╣
║ Date  │ Time │ Satellite │ Class │ Launcher   │ Space Center │ Remarks                ║
╟───────┼──────┼───────────┼───────┼────────────┼──────────────┼────────────────────────╢
║ 2020? │      │ ?         │ ?     │ Zoljanah-1 │ IKSLC LC-1   │ First stage test 15 km ║
╚═══════╧══════╧═══════════╧═══════╧════════════╧══════════════╧════════════════════════╝

https://archive.vn/bMuzy/6f2b8c5770514f5f5694aa06818ab8251b0ef067.jpg ; https://archive.vn/bMuzy/95514c170149dd7998e556862a1c252bcd74b3bf/scr.png ; https://web.archive.org/web/20210204103929/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EtKzXlyXIAcVUNi?format=jpg&name=large
▲ 1. Model of Zoljanah SLV.

https://archive.vn/ADxq3/a5983c92dadedfeb7a0d2d00a081437391d9ff8d.jpg ; https://archive.vn/ADxq3/2937841eae055d8882fb4ac2df41d0749c997ec1/scr.png ;
http://web.archive.org/web/20210205103711/https://i.imgur.com/aSJF4cK.jpg
▲ 1. Israeli Shavit family SLVs and Iranian Zoljanah SLV.

First stage has 2 sets of 3 retro rockets. The thrusters' opening can be seen on top of darker color. This means it can only direct the jet upward and not downward!

Iran's Zoljanah SLV has the old WWII era 4 graphite jet vanes for the steering, on both 1st and 2nd stages, NOT flexible nozzle (like the Salman rocket motor).

It is therefore the Sejjil-3 solid propellant missile of 1.5 m diameter, with an added 3rd stage from the liquid propellant Safir-1 second stage.

https://archive.vn/zmthm/38654a8ee079cc712d5c4845446588dc1b1eb925.png ; https://archive.vn/zmthm/4979bba606db33c614d0b52c09df01f0a7079a65/scr.png ; https://web.archive.org/web/20210203075458/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EtKTxRxXEAU2nog?format=png&name=900x900
▲ 3. Iran's Zoljanah SLV has the old WWII era 4 graphite jet vanes for the steering, on both 1st and 2nd stages.

Zoljanah solid propellant space launcher as phantasized on the internet

The first image of a fantasized hybrid propellant SLV was probably posted on another space forum back on 15th November 2013 at 06:23 pm:

https://archive.vn/Sx40I/e0a4509067c78789c90b9d7a33242bf2f8de0754.jpg ; https://archive.vn/Sx40I/f9540be67c22bb8dfc675d283c4b080ca5e6e749/scr.png ;
https://web.archive.org/web/20210225002634/https://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?action=dlattach%3Btopic%3D11734.0%3Battach%3D556638%3Bimage ; https://web.archive.org/web/20151225060224/http://forum.nasaspaceflight.com/index.php?topic=11734.680 ; https://archive.vn/8uJft
▲ 1. Hybrid liquid-solid propellant SLV posted on the internet in 2013.

In fact it is a hybrid propellant SLV, but based on a Sejil-2 missile, with a third stage made of the Safir-1 SLV.

This means all diameters are 1.25 meters.

Notice the fins can only be seen only on the first stage! That rocket is not the Zoljanah!

Meanwhile, North Koreans are the real source of the Zoljanah:

Is Zoljanah SLV A North Korean Launcher First Disclosed In 2016?

Here more proof for the claim.

[Exclusive] North Korea’s new satellite, plan to launch from a mobile launcher soon

[JoongAng Ilbo] 2017.12.26 02:30 Modified 2017.12.26

A government official said on 25th December 2017 that the military and intelligence authorities obtained information that North Korea had planned to launch an artificial satellite in the near future, and went into intensive surveillance. The official said, “I know that North Korea made a new satellite and named it "Kwangmyongsong-5 Plan”.

He added, “Up to now, North Korea has launched satellites four times under the right of “peaceful use of space”.

North Korea referred to “space development” three times in the newspapers this month only, insisting that “peaceful space development is a legitimate right of sovereign states” in the Rodong Sinmun newspaper on the 25th.

Lee Chun-geun, a senior research fellow at the Institute for Science and Technology Policy, said, "If you load a long-range rocket with a warhead instead of a satellite that makes a re-entry it into the atmosphere, it is a long-range missile." The intelligence authorities believe that North Korea is also considering using a mobile launch pad (TEL) instead of launching a satellite from Tongchang-ri. Commissioner Lee Chun-geun said, "There are very few instances of shooting satellites from mobile launchers," he said. In its July 2006 resolution (No. 1675), the UN Security Council banned the launch of satellites, such as the use of launch vehicles that applied North Korean ballistic missile technology.

http://web.archive.org/web/20210205102713/https://news.joins.com/article/22233031
https://archive.is/Pgy3R

https://archive.vn/FYHl4/a7627c67af6e5677f0323dbb57a8b57a9d4fb3c3.jpg ; https://archive.vn/FYHl4/fd00fe96f2ffaa1166a9fc9e7cc7c65c4c087fc5/scr.png ; https://web.archive.org/web/20210203071007/https://dprktoday.com/content/photo/2016/20160215-kp-01-8.jpg ; https://archive.vn/iqGX6 ; http://kancc.org/bbs/board.php?bo_table=news&wr_id=10801
▲ 2. Works exhibited at the National Drawing Festival (1). 庆祝“光明星”节全国素描庆典上展出的作品（1）. 发表于： 16th February 2016

https://archive.vn/BRAfu/d7b58f77e1fc1865a26dbac32fefc31715906ff4.jpg ; https://archive.vn/BRAfu/a5cc32e882742792555ef0ee453db763e0ae476c/scr.png ; https://web.archive.org/web/20210105084139/http://www.uriminzokkiri.com/contents/multi/photo/2017/07/multi_photo_2017-07-03_dn29931_image6.jpg ; https://web.archive.org/web/20210203064013/http://uriminzokkiri.com/index.php?ptype=cphoto&stype=0&mtype=view&no=4844 ; https://web.archive.org/web/20210203064605/https://live.staticflickr.com/4283/35647653096_88f677dbf5_c.jpg ; https://web.archive.org/web/20210203064602/https://www.flickr.com/photos/dprktoday/35647653096/in/photolist-Wj4xjy ; https://archive.is/0jLQw
▲ 3. Completion of Pyongyang Children's Traffic Park, 3rd July 2017. 평양시어린이교통공원 준공, 주체106(2017)년 7월 3일 《우리 민족끼리》

• The 1st and 2nd stage are 1.5 meters in diameters, because larger than the 3rd stage.
• Fins are located on the 2nd stage, unlike Sejil-2
• Revealed earlier, as Iran didn't test 1.5 meter diameter solid motors at that time, unlike North Korea. (There was an old gigantic mosaic on a North Korean school's external wall, but the photo was not located on FLICKR nor Vkontacte after one hour of search..)
• Finally, the concept of fins put on the 2nd stage is also used (although presented as a joke...) in Japan, with the 2.5 meter diameter solid propellant Epsilon, suggesting the possibility of a similar aeroballistic trajectory stage.

https://archive.vn/ROTDJ/791b602e92466d555dc2937ab7169fd831d8d248.png ; https://archive.vn/ROTDJ/b1a90c6b693857af71d921a8f3dad39dec80c459/scr.png ; https://web.archive.org/web/20210225091408/https://i.imgur.com/EVvxE5f.png ; https://web.archive.org/web/20210225091544/https://www.pixiv.net/en/artworks/68023515 ; https://archive.vn/DEQl0
▲ 4. The Japanese aeroballistic trajectory stage Epsilon.

Zoljanah solid propellant space launcher

After the recent days disclosure of the new liquid propellant Sarir and Soroush space launchers, today the first to be annnounced of the Iranian new solid propellant family of SLV.

Named after the horse Zoljanah (ذو الجناح) the horse of Husayn ibn Ali (PBUH).

This one is comparable to the previous solid fuel engines that used graphite jet vanes, and no composite TVC.

The first solid propellant orbital launcher to fly and by June 2020. If this works, it would be the first rapid reaction launcher for Iran.

Tir, Mehr and Qaem were the three other known launchers announced previously but never seen.

Payload capacity is at least in the range of the Safir-2 SLV at some 220 kg to 500 km LEO orbit.

Might be launched from the same launchpad previously used by the Safir-1 at Imam Khomeini SLC. Or from anywhere if mounted on a TEL transporter.

In this case this would give Iran a real advantage during a conflict, for replacing quickly lost space assets.

Nahid-1 satellite expected in space in June

9 February 2020 - 13:44

TEHRAN, Feb. 09 (MNA) – The domestically-developed Nahid-1 satellite is expected to be launched into space sometime in June this year, according to a report.

The Nahid-1 telecommunication satellite will be launched into space by ‘Zoljanah’ launcher, using solid fuel.

The domestically-developed satellite will orbit 250 kilometers above the earth, and it could stay in the space for a maximum of two and a half years, according to ICT minister Azari Jahromi.

The launch vehicle ‘Zoljanah’ has been already designed, while the satellite itself has finished construction. It is expected to be put into orbit sometime this June, according to the report.

The Iranian Space Agency has plans to launch a number of other satellites including Pars-1, Pars-2, Zafar-2 and Nahid-2. They will orbit 500 kilometers above the earth.

Meanwhile, Zafar, a 90-kilogram remote-sensing satellite equipped with color cameras, is said to be launched into space on Sunday evening.

MNA/4848202
News Code 155434

http://web.archive.org/web/20200209170726/http://en.mehrnews.com/news/155434/Nahid-1-satellite-expected-in-space-in-June
http://archive.ph/LBENJ

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 58

Zoljanah-1 Space Launch Vehicle Part 2

https://archive.vn/RCeqp/6503de948322bf0ee5c8ecbf47cbb77677ab9037.png ; https://archive.vn/RCeqp/5f80271766f85abf102038062644a432cb8efebe/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210201124615/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EtJDSTwXYAI1W-b?format=png&name=900x900
▲ 1. First ever official image published of the Zoljanah SLV. 1st February 2021.

Iran launches satellite carrier with solid fuel engine

Feb 1, 2021, 8:57 PM

TEHRAN, Feb. 01 (MNA) – Iran has successfully launched the Zol-Jannah combined satellite carrier which is equipped with the most powerful solid-fuel engine in the country.

The spokesman of the space division of the Ministry of Defense said on Monday that Iran has launched the Zol-Jannah three-staged satellite carrier which is equipped with a solid-fuel engine.

He went on to say that the satellite carrier has two stages of solid propulsion and one stage with liquid propulsion, adding that it is capable of carrying satellites weighing up to 220 kg in a 500 km orbit.

The spokesperson underlined that the satellite carrier is equipped with the most powerful solid-fuel engine in the country with a thrust of more than 75 tons which is one of the most important achievements of this space experiment.

According to Hosseini, the satellite carrier can be used on moving platforms and is designed to reduce costs, noting that it will be able to put operational satellites in orbit after research tests are conducted.

FA/ 5136684

http://web.archive.org/web/20210202045514/https://en.mehrnews.com/news/169372/Iran-launches-satellite-carrier-with-solid-fuel-engine
https://archive.vn/GFcfF

Details of successful test of the most powerful solid fuel engine in the country

The Zoljanah launch successfully conducted was the first test launch and reached an altitude of 15 km.

This Iranian rocket is equipped with the most powerful solid fuel motor made in Iran.

According to the Mehr Defense and Security Service, the Islamic Republic of Iran, as one of the 10 countries in the world with the indigenous ability to launch satellites into orbit, introduced itself as a spacefaring power about ten years ago.

After several successful launches by Safir-1 SLV, a newer and heavier Iranian launcher called Simorgh was introduced, which, due to technical reasons, did not succeed.

The Iranian difficulties ended in April 2020 with the successful and surprise launch of the Noor-1 satellite by a Qased SLV from the central desert of Iran at an orbital altitude of 425 km.

With the arrival of 22 Bahman, for the first time images have been published of the recent test of the new generation of Iranian launcher called Zolnajah.

According to these explanations, this Iranian launcher Zoljanah is in fact a three-stage rocket, the first two stages of which use solid fuel and the last stage of which uses liquid fuel.

At this stage, the rocket engine burn time of the first stage was 70 seconds and was able to reach an altitude of 15 km.

Payload capacity

The trust of the first and second stages of this rocket which are solid fuels, is 74 tons each, which can reach 100 tons.

The diameter of the first and second stage solid-fuel motors of Zoljanah SLV which are the most powerful solid fuel propellants in the whole country so far, is 1.5 meters and the diameter of the third stage is 1.25 meters.

The full length of this rocket is 25.5 meters and its weight is 52 tons and it can put a satellite weighing 220 kg or multiple-satellites with a total weight of 220 kg to an orbit of 500 km.

For comparison, it is not bad to know that the Safir-1 launcher, as the first generation of Iranian launchers had a diameter of about 1.25 meters and a total weight of 26 tons, and could finally place a 50 kg satellite into a 450 km orbit.

Liquid engine for higher accuracy

The second example to better understand the power of this launcher is that Zoljanah with its three complete stages can send about 10 satellites of the size of the Noor-1 sent into space in April 2020 by the IRGC's Qased SLV.

In the recent test, which was performed only with the first solid fuel stage, a series of sensors necessary to perform the necessary calculations to estimate the performance of the rocket systems were installed in the first stage of this launcher.

One of the questions that arises here is why solid fuel was not used in the third stage of this launcher?

The answer to this question is that for the third stage of the launcher, especially in the new space missions of our country, where the orbital motion and injection are required to be ever more accurate, it is necessary that the burning time or the operation of the engine be longer and in some cases, the propulsion system need to be cut-off then restarted.

Aimed to place satellite to Sun Synchronous Orbit (SSO)

One of the important points about this new Iranian rocket is that it is launched on a mobile launcher, which means that its launch site is no longer limited to a specific point (for example, Semnan province as one of the main space launch bases in the country).

And could launch from other parts of the country, especially the southeastern region and the coast of Makran.

It has been announced that studies have begun to build the country's second space launch base in Chabahar, but this is clearly a time-consuming and expensive matter.

At the same time, having a mobile launcher for space launcher can enable our country to conduct space launch from region like Chabahar with the least possible infrastructure.

In the program broadcasted by the 4 Sima network, the possibility of launching from the coast and also reaching the Sun Synchronous Orbit with the Zoljanah SLV was mentioned.

First, let's have a definition of the Sun's orbit.

This orbit is usually suitable for photography, meteorology and remote sensing satellites. The usual altitude for SSO is between 600 and 800 km.

Another important issue is the strategic importance of Chabahar region for this launch and reaching this orbit. Chabahar is the closest point of the mainland of Iran to the equator, and due to the location of different ground orbits, the closer a space launch point is to the equator, the shorter the distance to reach the different orbits and the easier injection in less time.

If you look closely at the location of some of the world's space bases, such as the US space base in Florida or the French space base in the Caribbean, you will see that the launch sites are as close to the equator as possible.

http://web.archive.org/web/20210202045236/https://www.mashreghnews.ir/news/1175772/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%88%D9%85%D9%87-%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7
https://archive.is/b7hRc

Short Video

https://twitter.com/x/status/1356318286342926338
8:07 PM · Feb 1, 2021·
In line with the space field roadmap and the launcher development plan, the Zoljanah hybrid rocket test-launch was conducted. With the development of this launcher, it will be possible to send satellites to the Sun's orbit.
http://web.archive.org/web/20210202051937/https://twitter.com/barari_ir/status/1356318286342926338
https://archive.vn/7S6Se

https://archive.vn/GLUAc/8f680f368f63c98719af9692a122118de7d66d1d.jpg ; https://archive.vn/GLUAc/4ecc92ae85dade757ae4fa4380e013d807c08f45/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202051143/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388223_670.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050055/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7650876/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD ; https://archive.vn/w6ZSH
▲ 1. First suborbital test-launch of the Zoljanah SLV.

https://archive.vn/OeMVM/feae2116a478a4cc5882282cfc3221f34845922b.jpg ; https://archive.vn/OeMVM/5648cdd3d720fcea5c15a3fa6832c2f07b582268/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050811/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388222_946.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050055/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7650876/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD ; https://archive.vn/w6ZSH
▲ 2. First suborbital test-launch of the Zoljanah SLV.

https://archive.vn/Ip1JB/6ec74fb282432149645eb81ffff0c112b9420d46.jpg ; https://archive.vn/Ip1JB/43f289f1d202fd3882bb4d7b1d6c46b1b014985c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202051031/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388225_112.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050055/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7650876/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD ; https://archive.vn/w6ZSH
▲ 3. First suborbital test-launch of the Zoljanah SLV.

https://archive.vn/AOFAo/02b1a5817d3260b88abe256ce15c93cac3baa9da.jpg ; https://archive.vn/AOFAo/982f53b1fc596c56a3d617b78b08b2fd6e1fcfbd/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202051115/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388224_854.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050055/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7650876/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD ; https://archive.vn/w6ZSH
▲ 4. First suborbital test-launch of the Zoljanah SLV.

https://archive.vn/n8ubl/2b01c78d93697ccd53a6361c54a2e4dd546c8508.jpg ; https://archive.vn/n8ubl/fefea56b171de99c80d213c2a3942438aca344fd/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202051635/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388226_293.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050055/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7650876/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD ; https://archive.vn/w6ZSH
▲ 5. First suborbital test-launch of the Zoljanah SLV.

https://archive.vn/nf4rn/827600b3bfbb468062758dcb279fb81f08196331.jpg ; https://archive.vn/nf4rn/53efaedd4d80d29e38e8fde3b8050db087c03ce1/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050854/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388221_919.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050055/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7650876/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD ; https://archive.vn/w6ZSH
▲ 6. First suborbital test-launch of the Zoljanah SLV.

https://archive.vn/MToQJ/e86aabccbf4040e354df1d5ce0e43b5abed827bd.jpg ; https://archive.vn/MToQJ/dd2e13b21a31e586db10bc54095674c17fd9bc3c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050936/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388220_921.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050055/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7650876/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD ; https://archive.vn/w6ZSH
▲ 7. First suborbital test-launch of the Zoljanah SLV.

https://archive.vn/bjOYF/4b6986507265a4c80fa614aad1b76d6d2a9d3d64.jpg ; https://archive.vn/bjOYF/2c7f624486a6c977ab233c04eb3d03c1de408793/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202051619/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388227_827.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202051619/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388227_827.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050055/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7650876/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD ; https://archive.vn/w6ZSH
▲ 8. First suborbital test-launch of the Zoljanah SLV.

https://archive.vn/KWyCY/13d68eec4978d1cf883111932d87b95d16d6112e.jpg ; https://archive.vn/KWyCY/f65f73597def7a1cbc40197d4e24d080377d34c0/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202051238/https://cdn.yjc.ir/files/fa/news/1399/11/13/13388228_657.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202050055/https://www.yjc.ir/fa/news/7650876/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A8%DB%8C-%D8%B0%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AD ; https://archive.vn/w6ZSH
▲ 9. First suborbital test-launch of the Zoljanah SLV.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 59

Zoljanah-1 Space Launch Vehicle Part 3

Longer Video: 31m53s

370 views•Feb 1, 2021
Iran IRIB4 Zuljanah, Soroush-1-2 SLV & future launches ایران ماهواره بر ذوالجناح، سروش-۱-۲
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5miDAol3Y_o

Zoljanah specs:

length: 25.5m
mass: 52 tons
diameter 1. & 2. stage 1.5m
diameter 3. stage 1.25m (derived from Safir 2. stage)
solid motor thrust: 74 tons

https://archive.vn/NsJYu/8061c79363eb0ea8d1e69027367910babca8cd7b.jpg ; https://archive.vn/NsJYu/e5139f17641a85fd699faf812d9c294eb4cbef5a/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202062843/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EtJzT5EXMAYHVoq?format=jpg&name=large
▲ 10. Zoljanah specs.

First stage motor test at Khojir. 35.652999° 51.658472°

Notice the 4 graphite jet vanes.

https://archive.vn/JJiNH/c8e30f8926a64118a4033bdae9f35e028af52829.jpg ; https://archive.vn/JJiNH/1bef895b1a651962dc71026bd441ad745f238a4a/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202063217/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EtJw4MjWMAA_luY?format=jpg&name=large
▲ 11. First stage motor test at Khojir. 35.652999° 51.658472°

https://archive.vn/cuCe8/370fd5f6043f4c0bb55ca2cd5c84d212ca5693c0.jpg ; https://archive.vn/cuCe8/e0243ac001149f5f005489ed993deb0efcdd0d1c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202063522/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EtJw49mXUAMOt2W?format=jpg&name=medium
▲ 12. First stage motor test at Khojir. 35.652999° 51.658472°

Iranian SLVs payload capacity: Safir-1, Zoljanah, Safir-2/Simorgh, Safir-3/Sarir, Safir-4A/Soroush-1, Safir-4B/Soroush-2.

https://archive.vn/Todvc/45ec76a2e136395326a88cc6b7e103bcda9841db.jpg ; https://archive.vn/Todvc/e57554e721c58bb3052da5039966b91496f29c5c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210202064242/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EtJyAKhXMAMOEg3?format=jpg&name=large
▲ 13. Iranian SLVs payload capacity: Safir-1, Zoljanah, Safir-2/Simorgh, Safir-3/Sarir, Safir-4A/Soroush-1, Safir-4B/Soroush-2.

It's interesting that with the Zoljanah and the first Qased, the Iranians had two suborbital launches that must have been detected by the West but were not reported at all.

After the latest suborbital test-launch, we have enough elements to reconstruct the full bigger picture. Various types of derived civilian SLVs to suit all needs.

[table=98%,Silver]
[tr][td] North Korean Solid Fuel Motor[/td][td]N/A[/td][td] Pukguksong-1[/td][td] Pukguksong-3[/td][td] N/A[/td][td]Pukguksong-4[/td][td]Pukguksong-5[/td][td]Pukguksong-6[/td][td] Pukguksong-7[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Iranian Solid Fuel Motor (first stage)[/td][td]Hajj Qasem Soleimani[/td][td] N/A[/td][td]N/A[/td][td] Zoljanah[/td][td] Tir (Qaem 3rd stage)[/td][td]Mehr (Qaem 2nd stage)[/td][td]Undisclosed SLV[/td][td]Qaem[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Diameter[/td][td] ~0.95 m[/td][td] 1.1 m[/td][td] 1.4 m[/td][td]1.5 m[/td][td] 1.80 m[/td][td]2.03 m[/td][td]2.3 m[/td][td] 3.5 m[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] Length[/td][td] 11 m[/td][td] 7.35 m[/td][td] 9.15 m[/td][td] 9.5 m[/td][td]10.5 m[/td][td]12 m[/td][td] 20 m[/td][/tr]
[tr][td] LEO Orbital Payload[/td][td] ~50 kg[/td][td] ~100 kg [/td][td] ~200 kg [/td][td]~300 kg?[/td][td] ~400 kg [/td][td]~800 kg [/td][td]~1'000 kg [/td][td]~10'000 kg[/td][/tr]
[/table]

Code:

╔═════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════╗
║                                   Iranian And North Korean Solid Propellant Launchers                                           ║
╠══════════════╤══════════════════════╤══════════════╤══════════════╤══════════╤══════════════╤══════════════╤════════╤═══════════╣
║ DPRK's motor │ N/A                  │ Pukguksong-1 │ Pukguksong-3 │ N/A      │ Pukguksong-4 │ Pukguksong-5 │ N/A    │ N/A       ║
╟──────────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼────────┼───────────╢
║ Iran's motor │ Hajj Qasem Soleimani │ N/A          │ N/A          │ Zoljanah │ Tir          │ Mehr         │ ??     │ Qaem:     ║
║              │                      │              │              │          │ (Qaem:       │ (Qaem:       │ SLV    │ 1st stage ║
║              │                      │              │              │          │ 3rd stage)   │ 2nd stage)   │        │           ║
╟──────────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼────────┼───────────╢
║ Diameter     │ ~0.95 m              │ 1.1 m        │ 1.4 m        │ 1.5 m    │ 1.80 m       │ 2.03 m       │ 2.3 m  │ 3.5 m     ║
╟──────────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼────────┼───────────╢
║ Length       │ 11 m                 │ 7.35 m       │ 9.15 m       │ 9.5 m    │ 10.5 m       │ 12 m         │ 20 m   │ 20 m      ║
╟──────────────┼──────────────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼────────┼───────────╢
║ LEO Payload  │ ~50 kg               │ ~100 kg      │ ~200 kg      │ ~300 kg  │ ~400 kg      │ ~800 kg      │ ~1 ton │ ~10 tons  ║
╚══════════════╧══════════════════════╧══════════════╧══════════════╧══════════╧══════════════╧══════════════╧════════╧═══════════╝

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 60

Zoljanah-2 Space Launch Vehicle

Zoljanah-2

Iran is obviously further ahead in the solid fuel game as expected. With 2 meters diameter solid propellant motors with composite casing paraded recently in North Korea...

Since Iran successfully tested a 1.5m diameter motor more than five years ago, it's quite likely they are already progressing on the next steps.

And AIO spokesman Hosseini already gave it to us in the TV program "Conversation about satellite on Zoljanah" aired on Monday 1st February 2021 (گفتگو درباره ی ماهواره بر ذوالجناح).

He said that the Zoljanah would be improved and this would include lighter casings, higher specific impulse and flexible nozzles.

گفتگو درباره ی ماهواره بر ذوالجناح - چرخ | شبکه ۴ - 13 بهمن 1399

گفتگو درباره ی ماهواره بر ذوالجناح - چرخ | شبکه ۴ - 13 بهمن 1399 ، تلوبیون مرجع پخش زنده شبکه های تلویزیون ، دانلود رایگان فیلم ایرانی و خارجی ، دانلود انیمیشن و کارتن ، سریال آرشیو و برناهه های صدا و سیما - 19:08

www.telewebion.com

Talk about ZolJanah launcher, April 1 2020
گفتگو درباره ی ماهواره بر ذوالجناح
13 بهمن ماه 1399
https://www.telewebion.com/episode/2495892/plain][/SIZE]

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 61

Qaem Space Launch Vehicle Part 1

Iran has managed to design,manufacture,and test its new and powerful solid-fuel based Space launch Vehicle called Ghaem.

Ghaem project is part of a series of launchers, planned by Iran for next 10 years to meet its needs in the field of space launch vehicles for its space program.Ghaem is a four-staged all solid fuel expandable launch vehicle capable of launching payloads to LEO, MEO and GEO orbits and employs a very sophisticated design to be able to handle all types of payloads to those orbits.

Ghaem is not a man-rated launcher but many of its design specifications will be employed for our future manned space missions.

This prestigious and extremely sophisticated program was initiated and lead by Hassan Tehrani Moghadam and his team years ago and unfortunately experienced a set-back during a failed test back in 2011 which took the lives of several Iranian scientist including General Moghadam but eventually resulted in success in 2014. All stages are now flight-ready hardware.

With Ghaem Iran is now among a very elite group of space fairing nations capable of launching payloads to GEO and beyond.

Monday, 1/17/1394

While achievements in the field of defense made by Iranian rocket scientist Hassan Tehrani Moghadam are well known, little has been revealed about his last project, a 4-stages solid fuel launcher.
According to data published in the national media, the first stage has a diameter of 3. 5 m with a height of 20 meters and is designed to deliver a payload of more than 100 kg to an 1,000 kilometers LEO.

Advanced composite solid fuel HTPB was used in all new Iranian solid rockets.

22 Dey 1394

It will use thrust vector control (TVC) for the first time in Iran

http://www.farsnews.com/newstext.php?nn=13930822000347

http://sahebnews.ir/files/uploads/2015/04/sahebnews-965840_601.jpg
Sounding rocket series, all with solid propellants except the 8th from left, the liquid propellant Shahab-1

http://sahebnews.ir/files/uploads/2015/04/sahebnews-965841_886.jpg
Fateh-110

http://sahebnews.ir/files/uploads/2015/04/sahebnews-965842_920.jpg
Sejil-2 two stages solid propellant rocket

http://sahebnews.ir/files/uploads/2015/04/sahebnews-965843_915.jpg
Sejil-2 two stages solid propellant rocket

http://sahebnews.ir/files/uploads/2015/04/sahebnews-965844_318.jpg
Two stages Sejil-2 graphic

http://www.mashreghnews.ir/files/fa/news/1394/1/16/965897_583.jpg
From Right to Left: Ghaem, Safir-2, Safir-1, Sejil-2, Kavoshgar-1 (?), Shahab-3(?), (?), (?), (?).

http://sahebnews.ir/files/uploads/2015/04/sahebnews-965905_424.jpg
New launch pad with extra long flame trench specially designed for the new solid propellant launcher, at Imam Sadegh Space Launch Center.

http://sahebnews.ir/205606/قائم؛-شاهکار-شهید-مقدم-که-ماهواره:censored:ه.htm

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 62

Qaem Space Launch Vehicle Part 2

Qaem (قائم) solid propellant space launcher

Qaem is Iran's civilian satellite carrier made of 4 stages.

Qaem is named after Imam Mahdi (PBUH) in the 9th century.

Qaem (قائم) or Ghaem (from Arabic: al-Qa’im, the one who has risen, a title for the 12th Imam al-Mahdi(PBUH)), is the last of the 12 Imams that Shiite Muslims worship.

They believe that Imam Mahdi (PBUH) will reappear as a savior at the end of the world.

The militarized version, is Iran's solid propellant land-based intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM), under the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)'s Global Strike Command.

It is also a land-launched nuclear vector for Iran's planned nuclear triad.

Qaem SLV's Third Stage

The civilian satellite carrier is made of 4 stages:

• First stage of 3.5 meters diameter, 20 meters long
• Second stage of 2 meters diameter, 11.5 meters long
• Third stage of 1.7 meters diameter, 4.5 meters long
• Fourth stage of 1.25 meters diameter, 4.5 meters long

The first stage is only used in the satellite carrier. While the other are used in the militarized ICBM version.

Finally an official image of the third stage of the solid propellant Qaem SLV, with a 1.7 meter diameter and a 4.5 meters length.

Disclosed on 14th November 2019, on the occasion of the eight remembrance ceremony of the Martyrdom anniversary of Martyr IRGC Aerospace Division chief General Haj Haasan Tehrani Moghadam at the Bidganeh base.

https://archive.ph/tDM9z/384ef4b921d8151f9a7a26b79ac080a64ca661c3.jpg ; https://archive.ph/tDM9z/84b10be78b57e2159bc7ca35e9c97353500cc2eb/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121161946/https://i.imgur.com/OU37FcY.jpg
▲ 1. Video footage: Martyr IRGC Aerospace Division chief General Haj Haasan Tehrani Moghadam writing on the front end of the Qaem 3rd stage rocket.

https://archive.ph/4kXhF/f9267acc39552c9b6df143255c3447dfd18492e9.jpg ; https://archive.ph/4kXhF/264d83337fa2b1b37a079dac797a391bc8527ea3/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121161411/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EJdB_zPUcAExP_r.jpg ; https://twitter.com/fab_hinz/status/1195496793112338433
▲ 2. Screen capture from video: Qaem 3rd stage rocket with nozzle.

https://archive.is/vCoQq/f6fce14e5c0041b26c205e67688e7681c5be4516.jpg ; https://archive.is/vCoQq/7b4c4c9a26ec8d1ec06750bc116b49bd34977349/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121160630/https://i.imgur.com/o22lNHX.jpg ; https://twitter.com/fab_hinz/status/1195496793112338433
▲ 3. Geolocation of the scene: the test stand with the large solid motor at Bidganeh 35.541361° 50.835069°

Photogrammetric measurement of the Qaem SLV's third stage

Based on a popular soft drink the estimated size of the late Haj Hassan Tehrani Moghaddam's head, and since Persians are ~7.5 heads tall, his height is estimated at 174.3 cm tall with a 23.24 cm noggin.

First the 240 ml can of Rani Float juice:

https://archive.ph/r79NN/50d1f26bd155ac5f40ec47eb745e9d6013c2143a.jpg ; https://archive.ph/r79NN/ce4b000b079ce86d4cab2c3f104b31cd1341b82c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191120183520/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EJ1hKh6UcAMHXEM.jpg ; https://twitter.com/fab_hinz/status/1197219913284194304
▲ 4. A typical 240 ml can of Rani Float juice: 53 mm diameter.

Then Martyr IRGC Aerospace Division chief General Haj Haasan Tehrani Moghadam:

https://archive.ph/axopD/154c91651e9b3da9771654f2c79e0f3557e99bd9.jpg ; https://archive.ph/axopD/b4093d4b460ee5ca1e6fd3c542eb5f6eac66d17f/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121162851/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EJ3p8YXUUAAzmPx.jpg ; https://twitter.com/ArmsControlWonk/status/1197370323831623680
▲ 5. Martyr IRGC Aerospace Division chief General Haj Haasan Tehrani Moghadam with a 240 ml can of Rani Float juice: head of ~23.24 cm length.

https://archive.ph/GoVp3/199dc049a21356f4aed58a0c6f15f17c930d9c79.jpg ; https://archive.ph/GoVp3/a6923649a2229ab02d187d29539d50d64cd2950a/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121163921/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EJ3p8YXU0AA5zm7.jpg ; https://twitter.com/ArmsControlWonk/status/1197370323831623680
▲ 6. Martyr IRGC Aerospace Division chief General Haj Haasan Tehrani Moghadam's height: ~174.3 cm.

And finally we proceed to measure the solid rocket motor:

https://archive.ph/u3753/eafd23a0370610a9ae761be0a95465f5a5a347e0.jpg ; https://archive.ph/u3753/a301a885fff7a45337a51e8527aa16a48f8335d5/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121164309/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EJ3p8YWUcAA_zk8.jpg ; https://twitter.com/ArmsControlWonk/status/1197370323831623680
▲ 7. Martyr IRGC Aerospace Division chief General Haj Haasan Tehrani Moghadam's and the 3rd stage solid rocket motor: ~1.7 meter diameter (estimated).

Size of the Qaem rocket 3rd stage confirmed by the official drawings.

https://archive.ph/dfeW7/40385cd56641fc6189af511aee3d631bc41ffb2b.jpg ; https://archive.ph/dfeW7/845afbe332102019dc605c98329aa24bf288f051/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121180605/https://i.imgur.com/XSi5OFN.jpg ; https://archive.ph/O1a6R/aff2eb7704b1f356e4a5b58cfc47098abba0e68a.jpg ; https://archive.ph/O1a6R/9142d4cbd4b869b93dc21587ac83866dc693bd19/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121165206/https://i.imgur.com/RAKB8ZP.jpg
▲ 8. Official Qaem SLV drawings. Screen capture of the military.ir forum when accessed on 19th February 2019.

http://archive.ph/LRSdu/c8313c36ae042b07983ca31d55bc44da16734612.jpghttps://archive.ph/LRSdu/dc2ea88d78689bef12d86dba0fe70e0a05ce2b4c/scr.pnghttps://archive.ph/LRSdu/dc2ea88d78689bef12d86dba0fe70e0a05ce2b4c/scr.png _
▲ 9. CGI rendering of the Qaem 3rd stage. 2020.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 63

Qaem Space Launch Vehicle Part 3

North Korean Qaem SLV

Satellite imagery of the 'Place of the ascension of Martyrs’ (35.624581°N 50.872523°E) at the Shahid Modarres Garrison shows that before the 12 November 2011 explosion, the site was housing a rail-movable hangar, cranes and large cylindrical objects.

The epicenter of the 2011 explosion might be a large casting pit with a moveable superstructure.

The measured diameter of the casting pit is about 5 meters, and can be used to cast rocket motors of diameters up to 3.5 meters for the Qaem SLV.

https://archive.ph/qjrPO/68eb99eb7d15ec1a7c9196409df5c15b6bc47848.jpg ; https://archive.ph/qjrPO/fa1c57a917f9e3624ef9e835877dd9e932bbd35b/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121173100/https://i.imgur.com/NQBBJzK.jpg
▲ 10. Large casting pit of of about 5 meters diameters at the Shahid Modarres Garrison.

The same large casting pit with a moveable superstructure has been built thereafter at the Imam Sadegh Satellite Launch Center.

The measured diameter of the casting pit of about 5 meters, and is used to cast the 3.5 meter diameter Qaem SLV first stage.

https://archive.ph/WDXbj/76b0357beb1aca1f87880474e88627e404eddb76.jpg ; https://archive.ph/WDXbj/eb2f179c64ca0bf87362bc5aeada69e0d0535a7e/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20191121174913/https://i.imgur.com/0zP7IzP.jpg
▲ 11. Large casting pit of about 5 meters diameters at the Imam Sadegh SLC.

Recent satellite imagery of 5th Febryary 2018 have revealed a similar site in North Korea’s Chemical Materials Institute, a key facility for the production of solid-rocket motors.

July 25, 2018

This imagery shows some unique features that appear to be related to testing or finishing solid motor case production. Among these is a circular foundation in the southern fabrication building that measures (approximately 4 meters-in-diameter, interior dimension) and surrounds an excavation of undetermined depth.

The intended purpose of this excavation is unclear. One suggested purpose would be to fulfill a requirement for pressure testing, degreasing, or coating filament-wound rocket motor casings prior to being filled.[6] Alternately, if this pit is intended for hydro-pressure testing—during which the pressure is slowly increased until the case fails—it would require a dome or heavy lid to keep it sealed during testing.

https://www.38north.org/2018/07/cmi072518/

https://archive.ph/QbYnk/5db49c16da7f65e769b4dae7c3f9017adb100abe.jpg ; https://archive.ph/QbYnk/ac50a431f2b1b08628d3ebe5542d63ff997b655f/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20190310...ads/2018/07/Fig2B_CMI-18-0725-AIR-768x576.jpg ; https://www.38north.org/2018/07/cmi072518/
▲ 12. Large casting pit of of about 4 meters diameters at the North Korea’s Chemical Materials Institute (CMI). 39°57'29.08N 127°33'35.24E

https://archive.fo/Yn6K0/e303b34c8e3a81e837476467d8930a195b2c6a62.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20190906200458/https://i.imgur.com//J2KKUoW.jpg ; http://www.dprktoday.com/content/photo/2016/20160304-kp-01-7.jpg ; http://www.dprktoday.com/index.php?type=42&no=1964 ; 왕들의 궁전-만경대학생소년궁전을 찾아서 (2) ; 나어린 미술가들의 솜씨 ; 访王的宫殿--万景台学生少年宫（2） ; 儿童美术家的手艺 ; 16-03-09 10:51 ; http://www.xici.net/d228225918.htm
▲ 13. North Korean version of the Iranian Qaem SLV. 주체105(2016)년 3월 4일

Here are my photogrammetric analysis on a 40 meters length, 4 stages solid propellant SLV with ~4 meters diameter first stage.
The thrust might exceed the 1,000 tons force and the payload capability ~ 20 tons in LEO. This in correlation with hints from North Korea.

https://archive.ph/UVmfU/ef20f473eea374dc93491c3648f1491fa8e8383b.jpg ; https://archive.ph/UVmfU/de0081db5f864450e48028c514bc21b0a6b62817/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210427205833/https://i.imgur.com/70lcYYE.jpg
▲ 1. 9/9/2011 satellite imagery of the Shahid Modarres Garrison facility (35°37'27.43"N 50°52'28.24"E), just before the November 12, 2011 explosion.
Photogrammetric measurements of a booster's first stage or second stage black solid propellant section indicate a ~3 meters maximum diameter, and a ~1 meter inner diameter.
This larger stage might be assembled from ~6 of these sections (~6 visible on the image).
Two ~3 meters cylinders of obviously even greater length (as indicated by the shadow) are also visible just 80 meters south at the entrance of another bulding.
Smaller stage of ~2 meters are also visible.
This smaller stage might be assembled from ~5 of these sections.

https://archive.ph/OmE7o/8264b8ee5562ef7483f51f2e9449164a41fee091.jpg ; https://archive.ph/OmE7o/1d76144b0b665de0b20fc2c275989bf05dad1d97/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210427205907/https://i.imgur.com/a8fIQaZ.jpg
▲ 2. 27/JUN/2011 satellite imagery of the Shahid Modarres Garrison facility (35°37'23.63"N 50°52'14.54"E), just before the November 12, 2011 explosion.
Photogrammetric measurements of a ~4 meter maximum diameter white cylinder and ~ 1.25 inner diameter, possibly a solid motor casing mold for a first stage booster.
Several brown, green and white cylinders of ~10 meters long and ~2 and ~3 meters diameters.

https://archive.ph/GLiYb/5b15354975cbe7539fb37f60be487ebd0c945507.jpg ; https://archive.ph/GLiYb/03ef0ea6de72c9eedf56183210416440c27168c4/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210427205944/https://i.imgur.com/hPmXPee.jpg
▲ 3. 9 Sept 2011 satellite imagery of the Shahid Modarres Garrison facility, solid motor static test firing site with no less than 8 horizontal static test stands in a row among others in the area that clearly show the burn mark obstructions from their gas jet firings (35°36'26.26"N 50°52'18.94"E), just before the November 12, 2011 explosion.
Photogrammetric measurements of ~60 to 90 meters ground burn mark from gas jet firings.

https://archive.ph/azhqj/cd3719eeaff8911263b1604c0ddfcd179a485871.jpg ; https://archive.ph/azhqj/d31ad3e136e8d0bbea1652493f1267dd1fcdab18/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210427210016/https://i.imgur.com/8LgfNSc.jpg
▲ 4. 9 Sept 2011 satellite imagery of the Shahid Modarres Garrison facility, solid motor static test firing site with no less than 8 horizontal static test stands in a row among others in the area that clearly show the burn mark obstructions from their gas jet firings (35°36'26.26"N 50°52'18.94"E), just before the November 12, 2011 explosion.
Simulated ~40 meters Ghaem SLV scaled to the ~90 meters ground burn mark from gas jet firings, according to the rocket to flame length 1:2 ratio.

And latest internet representation of the Qaem SLV circa 2020:

https://archive.ph/Gwfw8/541d05a5663fd086e553e0404aefb6f32f5b933e.jpg ; https://archive.ph/Gwfw8/7f229ad0ad1347e852e911b6c4bfa7b9d9bf64a7/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210428202409/https://s6.picofile.com/file/8387754492/photo_%DB%B2%DB%B0%DB%B2%DB%B0_%DB%B0%DB%B2_%DB%B1%DB%B0_%DB%B1%DB%B3_%DB%B3%DB%B4_%DB%B0%DB%B4.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201023112348/http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/13411-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86/?page=275 ; https://archive.ph/IBzyw
▲ 5. Internet representation of the Qaem SLV circa 2020.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 64

Qaem Space Launch Vehicle Part 4

Saman-1 Upper Stage: First step toward a Roll and Attitude Control Systems (RACS) for the Qaem SLV

To further increase its space launch readiness, by cutting down on the fuelling time of liquid propellant SLV, the IRGC will complete the shift to a new family of all solid propellant space launchers.

The backbone of it made by Qaem SLV. And as confirmed by an 2016 artistic representation in North Korea, the first stage of this space launcher will neither have any planar fins nor grid fins stabilizers.

https://archive.ph/dZWI5/55845a32b3a3a56a74dd4fd480359ba9407db98f.jpg ; https://archive.ph/dZWI5/4bc4835eea4ac136d3a27a18e4299e0fa1f616d4/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20190319163753/http://www.dprktoday.com/content/photo/2016/20160304-kp-01-7.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20190810170246/http://www.dprktoday.com/index.php?type=42&no=1964 ; http://www.dprktoday.com/index.php?type=42&no=1964 ; 왕들의 궁전-만경대학생소년궁전을 찾아서 (2) ; 나어린 미술가들의 솜씨 ; 주체105(2016)년 3월 4일 ; 访王的宫殿--万景台学生少年宫（2） ; 儿童美术家的手艺 ; 16-03-09 10:51 ; http://www.xici.net/d228225918.htm ;
▲ 13. First disclosure of the Qaem SLV in North Korea: no grid fins or planar fins stabilizers.

This only means that the Roll and Attitude Control Systems (RACS) will be assumed by the 4th stage of the ICBM, provided by clusters of cold gas thrusters.

A first possible hint of such a RACS seems to have been disclosed previously back in 2 June 2017, during the National exhibition of children's science fictions and models.

Indeed, associated with some space plane and astronaut, was a very strange depiction of a space launcher, with several side thrusters or boosters attached to a ring, itself fixed to the middle of the rocket.

https://archive.ph/fKMc1/d798a1ce0fcaa6a74230b082bca6f8390973ded7.jpg ; https://archive.ph/fKMc1/19e3fc4d62c42fd5407aa384b05d5f0ae7a7b6cd/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20170607205126/http://www.dprktoday.com/content/photo/2017/20170603-pt1-4.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20170605043651/http://www.dprktoday.com/index.php?type=42&no=10197
▲ 15. June 2 (KCNA) -- A national exhibition of children's science fictions and models-2017 opened with due ceremony at the Sci-Tech Complex on Friday to mark the 71st anniversary of the Korean Children's Union.
Left poster: Flying along a Korean astronaut, another rocket with 4 smaller side thrusters or boosters attached to the main core booster, as depicted for childrens.

▲ 16. Video Published on Jul 8, 2017 from the national exhibition of children's science fictions and models-2017: At T=0m41s: rocket with 4 smaller side thrusters or boosters.

But when this image is compared with schematics of "attitude control and side maneuvers with solid/liquid propellant rocket motors", the analogy is suddenly evident.

https://archive.ph/5qSqC/84181ab597e311b4760a2c772eb1b78d506bda0d.png ; https://archive.ph/5qSqC/ac5c2be63835e2d1320bcb330488c306161d74a9/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20190401041950/https://i.imgur.com/0qyL7as.png ; https://books.google.com/books/content?id=LQbDOxg3XZcC&hl=de&pg=PA466&img=1&zoom=3&ots=TzVkRHxNJ_&sig=ACfU3U1gppnqb5qZhoqjV3jr9Y_OJosOKA&w=1025 ; Rocket Propulsion Elements ; 2001 ; By George P. Sutton, Oscar Biblarz ; p466, attitude control and side maneuvers with solid propellant rocket motors ; https://books.google.com/books?id=LQbDOxg3XZcC&pg=PA466&lpg=PA466&dq=iskander+missile+roll+and++attitude+control&source=bl&ots=TzVkRHxNJ_&sig=ACfU3U1GoETGhD6wzpdTseFLvzd9gVus6g&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false
▲ 17. P466: "attitude control and side maneuvers with solid propellant rocket motors"

https://archive.ph/giHpx/5429079b24e8e7e896932e3e3916a549ebb76712.png ; https://archive.ph/giHpx/9e5a71d3c4cc3dcf936a5ba36c6220788344d541/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20190401041951/https://i.imgur.com/cfZa7Et.png ; https://books.google.com/books/content?id=LQbDOxg3XZcC&hl=de&pg=PA230&img=1&zoom=3&sig=ACfU3U2cc4xP_l140zhclgNOBGyNi0T14A&w=1025 ; https://books.google.com/books?id=LQbDOxg3XZcC&pg=PA466&lpg=PA466&dq=iskander+missile+roll+and++attitude+control&source=bl&ots=TzVkRHxNJ_&sig=ACfU3U1GoETGhD6wzpdTseFLvzd9gVus6g&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false ; Rocket Propulsion Elements ; 2001 ; By George P. Sutton, Oscar Biblarz ; p230, bipropellant rocket engine system of the fourth stage of the Peacekeeper ballistic missile
▲ 18. p230, "bipropellant rocket engine system of the fourth stage of the Peacekeeper ballistic missile"

A previously unknown finless rocket tested under the supervision of Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un sometimes prior to July 2017, might have been the testbed of such a new RACS.

https://archive.ph/KxSJE/54220e963853d00164c6e86b2a84c1672e91ff41.jpg ; https://archive.ph/KxSJE/3fa34db6cb575428a10bda9f56105297aee3b862/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20190319163754/http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/2017-07-15_22-20-07.1500170111.jpg ; 경애하는 최고령도자 김정은동지를 모시고 진행한 대륙간탄도로케트시험발사성공기념 음악무용종합공연 ; 조선의 오늘 ; Published on Jul 13, 2017 ; youtube.com/watch?v=sUC0ygjNGi8 ; youtu.be/sUC0ygjNGi8?t=3384
▲ 19. Video Published on Jul 13, 2017. At T=56:24 : Image of unknown finless ballistic missile.

And this system was precisely flight-tested for the first time in Iran on January 15, 2019, in a scaled-down model code-named Saman-1 Uppers Stage. It was this Saman-1, fitted as a third stage atop the Safir-2-e-Payam that underperformed during its inaugural flight.

https://archive.ph/RilDz/7d477e003718cb983ddb9bae67ed00e581b1d974.jpg ; https://archive.ph/RilDz/7b225cf38ce5be744e01f6b824c53d512beb09f1/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210421114806/https://defence.pk/pdf/attachments/saman-1-1-jpg.464465/?temp_hash=379c6e5dff66a1533f2a30b1c6dc49a0 ; http://isrc.ac.ir/getattachment/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C(%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%DB%B1)/1.jpg?maxsidesize=800 ; http://isrc.ac.ir/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C(%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%DB%B1)
▲ 20. Iranian Saman-1 Upper Stage: first step toward the Roll and Attitude Control Systems (RACS) of the Qaem SLV.

https://archive.ph/CUK7l/37243ce84c1a678187452fb2124c6b69b05625cc.jpg ; https://archive.ph/CUK7l/ccd0be6472c82a4f3d341afcbed90e838dd7b5b4/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20170909120435/http://www.space-propulsion.com/spacecraft-propulsion/propulsion-systems/images/vega-veb.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210116032736/http://www.space-propulsion.com/spacecraft-propulsion/propulsion-systems/index.html ; https://archive.ph/3AKxo
▲ 21. Roll and Attitude Control Systems (RACS) of the Vega solid fuel SLV.

Soheil_Esy · Apr 30, 2021

Part 65

Iranian Upper Stage Part 1

Safir-2's Third Stage: Saman 1 Upper Stage

https://archive.ph/LfCPq/a7ca86a4cb4d3f8d7f3856754410d1073c1e5bf0.jpg ; https://archive.ph/LfCPq/24162c4d1d720f2f62c6d647cd5d16c21f36d00e/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200324192439/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/01/05/13990105150233181199764710.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200325032355/https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1399/01/05/2229641/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85-%D9%80%D9%80-2-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B5%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7 ; https://archive.is/GAAwk
▲ 1. Saman-1 upper stage.

https://archive.ph/WqaSH/fdccc9e3cf62c929225a72d843c36f5a2ed9557b.jpg ; https://archive.ph/WqaSH/dd86bd461b2980975fe75afd6b53ef3030fa9a1f/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200324192514/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/01/05/13990105150353494199764910.jpg
▲ 2. Saman-1 upper stage.

Wed Feb 01, 2017 12:59

Saman 1 space tug which has been manufactured for the first time in the country is used to transfer the satellites from Low Earth orbit (LEO) to higher orbits.

http://en.farsnews.com/newstext.aspx?nn=13951113000454

http://ipic.su/7ysPMA.jpg
http://img8.irna.ir/1395/13951113/82411486/82411486-71374846.jpg
http://www.irna.ir/en/News/82411486/
01/02/2017 -- The Interorbital System named ‘Saman 1’ was unveiled in a ceremony marking the ninth national space technology day in the presence of President Hassan Rouhani here on Wednesday.

http://ipic.su/7ysPMI.jpg
http://img8.irna.ir/1395/13951113/3399726/3399726-5637973.jpg
http://www.irna.ir/en/Photo/3399726/
01/02/2017 -- The Interorbital System named ‘Saman 1’ was unveiled in a ceremony marking the ninth national space technology day in the presence of President Hassan Rouhani here on Wednesday.

http://ipic.su/7ysPMP.jpg
http://img8.irna.ir/1395/13951113/3399726/3399726-5637954.jpg
http://www.irna.ir/en/Photo/3399726/
01/02/2017 -- The Interorbital System named ‘Saman 1’ was unveiled in a ceremony marking the ninth national space technology day in the presence of President Hassan Rouhani here on Wednesday.

http://ipic.su/7ysPMT.jpg
http://img8.irna.ir/1395/13951113/3399726/3399726-5637955.jpg
http://www.irna.ir/en/Photo/3399726/
01/02/2017 -- The Interorbital System named ‘Saman 1’ was unveiled in a ceremony marking the ninth national space technology day in the presence of President Hassan Rouhani here on Wednesday.

https://archive.ph/RilDz/7d477e003718cb983ddb9bae67ed00e581b1d974.jpg ; https://archive.ph/RilDz/7b225cf38ce5be744e01f6b824c53d512beb09f1/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210421114806/https://defence.pk/pdf/attachments/saman-1-1-jpg.464465/?temp_hash=379c6e5dff66a1533f2a30b1c6dc49a0 ; http://isrc.ac.ir/getattachment/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C(%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%DB%B1)/1.jpg?maxsidesize=800 ; http://isrc.ac.ir/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%88-%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%98%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C(%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%DB%B1)
▲ Saman-1 Upper Stage.

https://archive.ph/nXlww/5d907cf318acd35d1b252e994210c78de17a8385.jpg ; https://archive.ph/nXlww/635ea05e5bc81ec5a694626ec2ea1058dc15b1b5/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210421114125/https://defence.pk/pdf/attachments/002-jpg.464466/?temp_hash=379c6e5dff66a1533f2a30b1c6dc49a0 ; http://isrc.ac.ir/getattachment/8c31075c-cebc-4ee4-ae7e-e237f0b42316/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86 ; http://isrc.ac.ir/
▲ Nahid-1 satellite on top of Saman-1 Upper Stage.

https://archive.ph/bg97t/f18dbd6d50a5fb831584426c24fe1d664bff1063.jpg ; https://archive.ph/bg97t/cc92dde7178aa7c5202604975186d6a10b053bf5/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210421114531/https://defence.pk/pdf/attachments/daksrkpw4aeqabe-jpg.464456/?temp_hash=79fe8c0bcdfc3f3d21a608142785ef4b
▲ 2018 picture by the Iranian space research center of the Nahid-1 satellite on top of the Saman-1 Upper Stage developed by ISRC.
The unit's propulsion is powered by cold gas.

ISRC's Arash-22 solid fuel propellant motor

The ISRC exhibited a new solid propellant motor showing differences with the previous Saman-1, notably in diameter (~ 10 cm smaller), and also the carbon fiber tanks for the cold gas are no longer spherical but more oblong.

Tue Feb 21, 2017

Iranian Space Research Institute on the occasion of the Sixteenth International Conference on Aerospace, disclosed in an exhibition, a new Arash-22 solid fuel motor for upper stage.

http://isrc.ac.ir/index.php/news/1391-08-29-22-39-13/2249-1395-12-03-12-49-56.html

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/3_28229~1.jpg ; http://isrc.ac.ir/images/stories/events_space/1395/12/03.12.1395-isrc-001.jpg ; http://isrc.ac.ir/index.php/news/1391-08-29-22-39-13/2249-1395-12-03-12-49-56.html
Arash-22 solid fuel propellant main motor and carbon fiber tank for the cold gas vernier thrusters.

https://archive.ph/kvsLo/cde99a580dc6669d01e12cc862d34914a5b1752a.jpg ; https://archive.ph/kvsLo/3d7f2a4ad4d76b8d5d128691f67484fbda5ebde6/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210418102830/http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/22~3.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200921060657/http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/13411-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86/?page=276 ; https://archive.ph/Aa9oT
▲ 1. Arash-22 solid propellant motor in 2020.

https://archive.ph/4hNDb/26a6043bbbb7484d14ef30441b327f3fd3a30f35.jpg ; https://archive.ph/4hNDb/ac040c4d46f15e1ca9749eccea2c7759b026aff1/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210418102831/http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/DSC_3538_28229.JPG ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201127225940/http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/13411-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86/?page=276 ; https://archive.ph/Aa9oT
▲ 2. Arash-22 solid propellant motor.

https://archive.ph/w264C/28a4c5e0ab5064b4d428bdd4a099584a6a2e2b85.jpg ; https://archive.ph/w264C/1cfe51c5a605d058cf4c698c2829a4b454e7d76c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210418102832/http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/5_28129~2.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201127225940/http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/13411-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86/?page=276 ; https://archive.ph/Aa9oT
▲ 3. Solid propellant motor thrust vs time.

ISRC's Arash-24 solid fuel propellant motor

Arash-24 spherical space engine

A space engine called Arash-24 has also been developed in the country, which takes the satellite from a 500 kilometer orbit to a 21'000-kilometer orbit. This engine will probably be used in the same upper stage of Saman-1 or a larger one and will transfer heavier Iranian satellites to the mentioned orbit.

The country's space industry has planned to carry out 4 launches of different satellites in 1399 and approximately one launch every three months.

https://archive.ph/9unLo/cd5aa86b8a9d1aa13c73406eaa82ffc58ba88801.jpg ; https://archive.ph/9unLo/87e50ef7d931f5441b2fb0710a087c30d977f1b2/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200324192526/https://newsmedia.tasnimnews.com/Tasnim/Uploaded/Image/1399/01/05/13990105150428307199765010.jpg ;http://web.archive.org/web/20200325032355/https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1399/01/05/2229641/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85-%D9%80%D9%80-2-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B5%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7 ; https://archive.is/GAAwk
▲ 1. Arash-24 spherical solid propellant space engine.

https://archive.ph/xaRWZ/fc427a082adf63bb25d1e46ec5912fa1ca509d88.jpg ; https://archive.ph/xaRWZ/135b569b8054c0c2eb172a506e6583ca3b11105e/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210429125247/https://s7.picofile.com/file/8387626700/photo_2020_02_09_14_30_35.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20201024093235/http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/13411-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86/?page=273 ; https://archive.ph/WOcml
▲ 2. Arash-24 spherical space engine.

https://archive.ph/xAjlS/1a16f967d8c7bf109365309772e6ee43b8b57acf.jpg ; https://archive.ph/xAjlS/a805deffcf859c107ca3091beb0e4d1e4ab07c58/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210429130617/https://s6.picofile.com/file/8387626718/photo_2020_02_09_14_30_39.jpg
▲ 3. Arash-24 spherical space engine.

https://archive.ph/RHBDp/b09747a12cc521e86d79d6648f7f5089b44beebf.jpg ; https://archive.ph/RHBDp/5f09b85f966807af4af0a7c5cf1dbeab97fe460c/scr.png ; http://web.archive.org/web/20210429130709/https://s6.picofile.com/file/8387626734/photo_2020_02_09_14_30_42.jpg
▲ 4. Arash-24 spherical space engine.

http://web.archive.org/web/20200325032355/https://www.tasnimnews.com/fa/news/1399/01/05/2229641/%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B4-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85-%D9%80%D9%80-2-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D8%AF%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84-%DA%86%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA-%D8%B5%D9%81-%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B8%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87-%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C-%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1-%D8%A8%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7
https://archive.is/GAAwk

Video

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موتور فضایی ارش 24 پژوهشگاه فضایی ایران
Arash Space Engine 24 Iran Space Research Institute is the third member of the Arash Space Engine family after Arash 20 and 22
http://web.archive.org/web/20210510203522/https://www.aparat.com/v/XMHBZ
https://archive.ph/2DGtM
https://archive.ph/2DGtM/44727006f21349d5c632e058dff3de713d6b6525/scr.png
https://www.aparat.com/v/XMHBZ

آپارات - سرویس اشتراک ویدیو

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ویدئوی طراحی موتور «آرش ۲۴»Arash-24 engine design

https://archive.ph/fW2Tn/23cde6317de164d593cd40d45534ee63ff8c13c8/scr.png ; https://archive.ph/fW2Tn ; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GhLThxkxi7s
▲ 2. Iran Arash-24 Solid Fuel Apogee Kick Motor with Flexible Nozzle, SAT Orbit transferایران موتور آرش۲۴
Feb 9, 2020

https://archive.ph/fjVa1/25e01a761c2e7862c852d4b190670d962a7bdc0a.jpg ; https://archive.ph/fjVa1/6fa103f614a84a2071fb806985e6fe5e06749720/scr.png ;
http://web.archive.org/web/20210418102600/http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10314/EQb_tHYUEAA4n9A.jpg ; http://web.archive.org/web/20200921060657/http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/13411-%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%A9-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9-%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%87-%D9%81%D8%B6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C-%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86/?page=276
▲ 1. Arash 24 engine test site at Iran Space Research Institute (35°42'13.6"N 51°09'25.7"E).

Orbiter 2024 has been released!

Updates The Iranian Space Program Thread

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