To save computing power, it'd be cheaper to simulate just one conscious entity and fake the rest - no need to simulate in excruciating detail what that one entity doesn't see.
I don't see how that is meaningful in any sense - there are billions of people, which one is the "player"?
Optimization-wise, the thing that makes sense is to have many levels of conceptual details. That would actually produce entropy as a byproduct - the finer details are only simulated when they have meaningful consequences, and no power is wasted on tracing every path of every atom, thus making it just heat.
You try to get at these details by going down to quantum level, and find unsolvable equations and untraceable interactions, just like what you would expect from a procedurally augmented algorithm.
just what absurdity would it take to convince us that what we see is a bug in a simulation?
Nothing definite. The theory is unfalsifiable - any finding can be refuted by assuming it was programmed like that intentionally.
However, we can look for artifacts common to the computers as we understand them...
Imagine you are the PC, and the head NPCs called you into a non-conspicuous meeting. As you come towards the table with the Head on the other side, the lamp on it gradually dimmed and turned itself off. That was strange, since the Head wasn't really into special effects.
"Well, sir, as you know your records before joining the Order were perfect and your services very valuable, so it is very sad for us to call you here. Let's start with a little preamble. Not so long ago our scientists noticed that the interactions of quarks have certain anisotropy to them - on certain directions the energy required is a little less than on the others, as if the world was computed on a grid algorithm. The exiting part of it is that we can make free energy devices out of it. The weird part is that once made, their output was fluctuating."
"Further research suggested that the fluctuations were gradual, and increased with distance from certain focal points, of which two were found. One is somewhere in the other side of the planet, but the other is much, much closer."
"In fact, this light here is powered from such a device, and you saw what happened to it as you got close. So, how do you plead?"
You get up and run to try to jump out of the window, only to hit the head hard on the unbreakable glass, while the suddenly appearing guards rapidly moved in.
"Bullet proof glass, sir. There is no escape."
You crack the cyanide capsule in your tooth, everything goes blank.
GAME OVER
RESET OR LOAD LAST SAVE?
"Stupid NPCs, can't they just get out of the way."
-RESET INITIATED
-LOD SET TO MINIMUM
-Ivan666 JOINED THE GAME
-ThunderSmith JOINED THE GAME
-INITIALIZING WORLD...
...anyone want to continue the story?