I experimented with positioning the ship on either end of 33/15, same issue. Also tried loading a DG scenario (I was using the XR-2), same issue. I also made sure I had the latest driver for my GPU.
If I go to an external view, and then change the POV so that I'm "below" the ground looking up at the ship, the lights show up. It's like the lights are there, but they're below the surface. Here's three screenshots, one with the ship positioned on the runway, one after warping into darkness, and the third is the view from below the runway.
It could be an elevation issue also. Maybe post your settings for the d3d9 and the rest here, i could take a look if i have the same settings.
What i find interesting is that compared to mine, your lights seem to be in the wrong position. Take a look at the vasi and papi lights, yours are on your right, mine are on my left. It's almost like your lights are inverted somehow.

go into Orbiter-2024\Config\Earth\Base\ and open the Canaveral.cfgScroll down to Runways and see if you have the same values as me:
RUNWAY
END1 -1150 0 -2880
END2 -5600 0 -5435
WIDTH 100
ILS1 134.2
ILS2 134.2
RWTEX Runway2
NRWSEG 0
; NRWSEG 15
; RWSEG1 1 0.025 0.5 0.75 1 0.852
; RWSEG2 1 0.025 0.5 0.75 1 0.852
; RWSEG3 1 0.007 0.5 0.75 0.852 0.7305
; RWSEG4 1 0.06 0.5 0.75 0.5 0.03125
; RWSEG5 1 0.007 0.5 0.75 0.7305 0.6133
; RWSEG6 1 0.1 0.5 0.75 0.5 0.03125
; RWSEG7 1 0.007 0.5 0.75 0.6133 0.5
; RWSEG8 6 0.538 0.5 0.75 0.5 0.03125
; RWSEG9 1 0.007 0.5 0.75 0.5 0.6133
; RWSEG10 1 0.1 0.5 0.75 0.03125 0.5
; RWSEG11 1 0.007 0.5 0.75 0.6133 0.7305
; RWSEG12 1 0.06 0.5 0.75 0.03125 0.5
; RWSEG13 1 0.007 0.5 0.75 0.7305 0.852
; RWSEG14 1 0.025 0.5 0.75 0.852 1
; RWSEG15 1 0.025 0.5 0.75 0.852 1
END
RUNWAYLIGHTS
END1 -1150 -5 -2880
END2 -5600 -5 -5435
WIDTH 100
PAPI 20.0 3.0 -2000
VASI 1.5 152 671
END
RUNWAY
END1 13930 0 9525
END2 12048 0 7118
WIDTH 100
ILS1 132.6
ILS2 132.6
RWTEX Runway2
NRWSEG 0
; NRWSEG 9
; RWSEG1 1 0.018 0.25 0.5 1 0.875
; RWSEG2 1 0.088 0 0.25 0.5 0
; RWSEG3 1 0.018 0.25 0.5 0.75 0.625
; RWSEG4 1 0.088 0 0.25 0.5 0
; RWSEG5 5 0.576 0 0.25 1 0.5
; RWSEG6 1 0.088 0 0.25 0.5 0
; RWSEG7 1 0.02 0.25 0.5 0.625 0.75
; RWSEG8 1 0.088 0 0.25 0 0.5
; RWSEG9 1 0.02 0.25 0.5 0.875 1
END
RUNWAYLIGHTS
END1 13930 -5 9525
END2 12048 -5 7118
WIDTH 100
END
END_OBJECTLIST