Updates The North Korean Space Program Thread

Soheil_Esy

Fazanavard فضانورد
Joined
Apr 5, 2015
Messages
744
Reaction score
19
Points
18
For the South Korean space program, see The South Korean Space Program Thread.
For the Iranian space program, see The Iranian Space Program Thread.

© A S☫heil presentation; First published 2015; Updated 2016-2017

Table of Contents
1. Table of Contents

2. North Korea's Korean Committee for Space Technology (KCST) Past Activities
2.1. North Korean satellite already launched
2.2. Comparative Inter-Korean space race's launch failures
2.3. Inter-Korean space race's outcome
2.4. Current North Korean Space Activities

3.1. Korean Committee for Space Technology (KCST) Updated 3 APR 2017
3.2. International Outer Space Treaty and the Registration Convention Updated 3 APR 2017
3.3.1. State Space Development Bureau Updated 6 APR 2017
3.3.2. National Aerospace Development Administration (NADA)
3.3.2.1. North Korea top ranks in reverse engineering Chinese technologies
3.4. DPRK NADA Joins International Astronautical Federation
3.5. New high-altitude weather observation systems
3.6. New Standard Time in Korea
3.7. Newly-built General Satellite Control Centre

4.1. New Lithium Atom-shaped Sci-Tech Complex
4.2. Hydrogen Atom-shaped Planetarium

5.1. North Korean Space Launch Sites Updated 24 APR 2017
5.2. North Korean first space launch center: Tonghae SLC
5.3. North Korean second space launch center: Sohae SLC Updated 24 APR 2017
5.4. North Korean overseas space tracking stations

6.1. Pre-Space Age Era Korean major milestones Updated 25 APR 2017
6.1.1. Earlier Korean development in rocketry Updated 25 APR 2017
6.1.2. Earlier Korean development in manned flight Updated 30 APR 2017
6.2. North Korean Space Launchers Updated 29 APR 2017
6.3. Paektusan LV Updated 11 APR 2017

7. Unha LV Updated 24 APR 2017

8. The Inter-Korean Deep Space Race Updated 24 APR 2017
8.1. South Korean Deep Space Exploration Program Updated 19 APR 2017
8.2. North Korean Deep Space Exploration Program Updated 12 APR 2017
8.2.1.1. North Korean lunar exploration program (NKLEP) Updated 11 APR 2017
8.2.1.2. North Korean lunar orbiter
8.2.1.3. North Korean lunar lander Updated 11 APR 2017
8.2.1.4. North Korean lunar launcher: Unha-9 Updated 19 APR 2017
8.2.2.1. North Korean Mars Exploration Program Updated 13 APR 2017
8.2.2.2. North Korean Deep Space launcher: Unha-20 Updated 17 APR 2017

9. North Korean manned launcher: Unha-18 Updated 24 APR 2017
9.1. Iranian and North Korean manned space launchers
9.2. North Korean heavy space launcher as phantasized in the West

10. 80-ton thrust Paektusan-1 rocket engine Updated 24 APR 2017

11. The March 18 Revolution: 100-ton thrust Paektusan-1B rocket engine configuration Updated 20 MAY 2017
11.1. 100-ton thrust Paektusan-1B rocket engine configuration's static ground test Updated 20 MAY 2017
11.2. 100-ton thrust Paektusan-1B rocket engine configuration's flight test Updated 20 MAY 2017
11.3. Evolution of North Korean and Iranian LVs second stages Updated 12 APR 2017
11.4. Photogrammetric analysis Updated 14 APR 2017

12. 160-ton thrust Paektusan-2 rocket engine configuration Updated 14 APR 2017

13. North Korean manned spacecraft Updated 17 APR 2017

14.1.1. Chinese recoverable capsule Updated 3 APR 2017
14.1.2. North Korean reentry vehicleUpdated 20 MAY 2017
14.1.3. Iranian recoverable capsule
14.2.1. Iran's manned orbital spacecraft
14.2.2. Unidentified Iranian orbital manned spacecrafts
14.2.3. Chinese Project 863 manned orbital spacecraft

15. North Korean international space cooperation Updated 11 APR 2017
15.1. North Korea-Chinese space cooperation Updated 12 APR 2017
15.2. North Korea-Iranian space cooperation Updated 19 APR 2017
15.3. International space cooperation

16. North Korean satellites already launched Updated 3 APR 2017
16.1. Kwangmyongsong-1 Updated 19 APR 2017

17. Kwangmyongsong-2-1 Updated 19 APR 2017

18. Kwangmyongsong-2-2 Updated 25 APR 2017

19. Kwangmyongsong-3-1 Updated 19 APR 2017

20. Kwangmyongsong-3-2 Updated 25 APR 2017

21. Kwangmyongsong-4 Part1 Updated 1 APR 2017

22. Kwangmyongsong-4 Part2 Updated 10 MAY 2017

23. North Korean disclosed satellite models Updated 3 APR 2017

24. Space launch forecast Updated 6 MAY 2017
 
Last edited:

Soheil_Esy

Fazanavard فضانورد
Joined
Apr 5, 2015
Messages
744
Reaction score
19
Points
18
Part 2

North Korea's Korean Committee for Space Technology (KCST) Past Activities

fb4a581ffe2345b929072a8cde444617.jpg


North Korean satellite already launched


Date Time (Moscow) Satellite Launcher Space Center Remarks
12.12.2012 4:49 Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3-2 Unha-3 Sohae satellite malfunction after successful orbital insertion
7.FEB.2016 09:00 Pyongyang Time Kwangmyongsong-4 Kwangmyongsong (Unha) Sohae SSO, 494.6 km x 500 km, 97.4 degrees
http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/forum/messages/forum14/topic13546/message1057535/

Background: Inter-Korean space race

Comparative Inter-Korean space race's launch failures

Date Time (Moscow) Satellite Launcher Space Center Origine of failure
31.08.1998 7:07 Kwangmyŏngsŏng-1 Paektusan-1 Musudan-ri satellite separation failure

04.07.2006 20:01 Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2-1 Unha-1 Musudan-ri first and second stages separation failure

05.04.2009 5:20 Kwangmyŏngsŏng-2-2 Unha-2 Tonghae second and third stages separation failure

25.08.2009 12:00 STSAT-2A Naro-1 (KSLV-1) Naro stages separation failure

10.06.2010 12:01 STSAT-2B Naro-1 (KSLV-1) Naro fairing separation failure

13.04.2012 2:38:55 Kwangmyongsong-3-1 Unha-3 Sohae guidance system failure, launch abort by self-destruct

http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/forum/messages/forum14/topic13546/message1057535/

Inter-Korean space race's outcome

Date Time (Moscow) Satellite Launcher Space Center Outcome
12.12.2012 4:49 Kwangmyŏngsŏng-3-2 Unha-3 Sohae satellite malfunction after successful orbital insertion

30.01.2013 11: 00 STSAT-2C - Naro-1 Naro (South Korea / Russia) Naro success
http://novosti-kosmonavtiki.ru/forum/messages/forum14/topic13546/message1057535/

North Korea Beats South in Space Race

Dec. 13, 2012

South Korea is suffering some embarrassment after repeatedly failing to put a satellite into orbit with homegrown rocket technology while North Korea succeeded. Some are detecting echoes of the Sputnik crisis in 1957, when the U.S. found itself bested by the Soviet Union's launch of the world's first satellite.

Seoul now lags behind Pyongyang in terms of rocket technology by at least six years, experts estimate.

http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2012/12/13/2012121301350.html

How North Korea Won the Rocket Race with the South

Jan. 31, 2013

North Korea became the 10th country to succeed in putting a satellite into orbit late last year after over a decade of strenuous efforts, during which the South hovered between developing its own rocket and importing technology and parts.

Pyongyang imported liquid-fueled ballistic missiles from China and Egypt in 1975 and began to fire its own ballistic missiles in 1984 by reverse-engineering the imports.

In 1998 the North secured core technologies for multi-stage rockets by firing a three-stage missile with a range of 2,500 km. Despite a series of failures since then, it continued to develop successors to the missile.

Prof. Jang Young-kun at Korea Aerospace University said the first and second stages of the latest rocket are the same as those as in 1998.

The South followed a similar path at the initial stage. In 1978, it succeeded in firing a missile with a range of 150 km, a copy of the U.S.' solid-fueled Nike-Hercules. But under an agreement with the U.S. that prevented it from using solid fuel engines on a space rocket that exceeds 1 million pounds in weight, Seoul shifted its attention to Russian rockets using liquid fuel.

As a result, it wasted over a decade and found itself outpaced by the impoverished North.

http://english.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2013/01/31/2013013101206.html

Current North Korean Space Activities

The current Five-Years development plan covers space activities for 2012 to 2016. (Choson Sinbo, 12 December 2012)

The Second Space Development Five-Year Plan starting in 2017, will see more advanced space developments. In April 8, 2012, the general manager of Sohae SLC declared that North Korea "will launch a geostationary satellite in the near future", and that North Korea "will launch manned spacecrafts". To this end, Sohae was also designed to support very large 400t-class rockets. (Choson Sinbo, April 10, 2012 Press Release )

North Korean launch schedule
Date Payload Class Launch Vehicle Launchpad Orbit Remark
2012-2016 TBD Earth observation Unha-5 Sohae LC-1 SSO Pending
2012-2016 TBD Communication Unha-6 Sohae SLC LC-1 ? First communication satellite
2012-2016 TBD Communication Unha-7 Sohae SLC LC-1 ?
2012-2016 TBD Communication Unha-8 Sohae SLC LC-1 ?
2012-2016 TBD Lunar orbiter Unha-9 Sohae SLC LC-1 LTO First Lunar Orbiter
2017-2021 TBD Geostationary communication satellite TBD TBD GEO First GEO satellite, 2018
2017-2021 TBD Manned spacecraft TBD Tonghae SLC LC-3? ? First manned spaceflight
http://www.tongilnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=101028
 
Last edited:

Soheil_Esy

Fazanavard فضانورد
Joined
Apr 5, 2015
Messages
744
Reaction score
19
Points
18
Part 3

Korean Committee for Space Technology (KCST; 조선우주공간기술위원회, 朝鮮宇宙空間技術委員會)


A Brief History of the DPRK's Space Program:

The DPRK's space program began in the 1980's with the creation of the Korean Committee for Space Technology (KCST). In the 1990s, North Korean scientists developed an experimental satellite, Kwangmyongsong-1 or “Bright Star” or “Shining Star.”

http://www.youngpioneertours.com/blog/north-korea-space-program


International Outer Space Treaty and the Registration Convention

Mar 12. 2009 Juche 98

KCNA Report on DPRK's Accession to International Space Treaty and Convention

Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration and Use of Outer Space including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies
...
Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space.

www.kcna.co.jp/item/2009/200903/news12/20090312-11ee.html

State Space Development Bureau

DPRK SPA Decides to Set Up State Space Development Bureau

April 1. 2013 Juch 102

The decision of the Supreme People's Assembly (SPA) of the DPRK promulgated on Monday said:

... radically developing the space science and technology of the country and guide and manage all the space activities of the DPRK in a uniform way...

The DPRK State Space Development Bureau shall be set up.

The bureau is a state central institution which guides and manages the supervision and control over the working out of a space development program and its implementation and space development work in a uniform way.

http://kcna.co.jp/item/2013/201304/2013-04-01ee.html

National Aerospace Development Administration (NADA; 朝鮮國家宇宙開發局, 국가우주개발국: Kukgaujugaebalkuk)

National Aerospace Development Administration of DPRK

March 31 , 2014

It was one year ago that the DPRK Law on Space Development was adopted at the Seventh Session of the 12th Supreme People’s Assembly.

The National Aerospace Development Administration (NADA) is the country’s central guidance institution organizing all the space development projects.

The emblem of the NADA was recently instituted, which represents its character, mission, position and development prospects.

Seen in the lower part of the globe-shaped dark blue emblem are white-colored letters “Kukgaujugaebalkuk” (National Aerospace Development Administration) in Korean and in its upper part light blue-colored letters “DPRK” with the Great Bear above them. Printed in its middle are white-colored letters “NADA” in English.

Two light blue-colored rings intercrossing the emblem symbolize satellite orbits.

The Great Bear reflects the will of the space scientists of the DPRK to glorify Kim Il Sung’s and Kim Jong Il’s Korea as a space power.

The globe represents the DPRK’s idea for peaceful development of the space and the rings show the DPRK’s will to launch satellite into all orbits.

http://www.rodong.rep.kp/ko/index.php?strPageID=SF01_02_01&newsID=2014-04-01-0016&chAction=T

North Korea top ranks in reverse engineering Chinese technologies

Let us start with some trivial examples:



In a nutshell, North Koreans can reverse-engineer any Chinese technology as they please.

nasda.gif


nada_nasa.png


Beidou_navigation_system.jpg


Various logos and acronyms of several foreign space agencies and their influence on North Korea's new space agency acronym and logo.

Code:
NASA + D = NASDA
NASDA - S = NADA
QED

Thus, the NADA acronym is a crossbreed of NASA with NASDA,
while the NADA logo is a crossbreed of NASA with BEIDOU.

Video showing plethoric other designs reverse-engineered in Korea

State Industrial Art Exhibition Opens in North Korea, April 2014​
[ame="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cYtQ2UKH-8t"]State Industrial Art Exhibition Opens in North Korea - YouTube[/ame]
NADA logo at 32 second


DPRK NADA Joins International Astronautical Federation
Oct. 16, 2015 Friday

The DPRK National Aerospace Development Administration's (NADA) admission to the International Astronautical Federation was decided at its 66th general meeting which opened in Israel on Oct. 12 and will last till Oct. 16.

http://www.rodong.rep.kp/en/index.php?strPageID=SF01_02_01&newsID=2015-10-16-0004

NADA IAF membership void

16 October 2015

The General Assembly in its second session revoked its earlier resolution of Monday, October 12, 2015, relating to the approval of the DPR Korea’s National Aerospace Development Administration’s application for membership to the IAF, based on new information received and unknown:rofl: to the General Assembly at its first session.

https://www.satnews.com/story.php?number=1163841270

New high-altitude weather observation systems

May 5, 2015

Korea develops new high-altitude weather observation systems. The system consists of electronic radio detectors and high altitude weather radar. Weather balloons carrying electronic detectors can climb at altitudes up to 30,000 meters, measuring temperature and atmospheric pressure.

The system makes it possible to further raise the accuracy of weather forecast.

Source: KCNA

New Standard Time in Korea

Bell Tolls Standard Time in Korea at 00:00, August 15, 2015

August 15, 2015

The Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly of the DPRK decided to set the standard time of the Republic with 127 degrees 30 minutes east longitude as a standard and to apply it from August 15.

The thirty minutes between 24:00, August 14 of the previous time and 00:00, August 15 of Pyongyang time will be taken off to set 00:00 of August 15 of the previous time as 00:30 and all clocks would be set as "00:00, August 15, Pyongyang time" at 00:30, August 15 of previous time.

At 00:00, the Pyongyang Bell tolled deep sound at state standard time 00:00 at the Pyongyang Astronomical Observatory,
...
scientists working on satellites to explore a new area of conquering space and all other people of the country set their clock and watches according to Pyongyang time

http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2015/201508/news15/20150815-08ee.html

Commentary
This new Pyongyang Time will definitely bring North Korea closer to Beijing and Tehran.

In addition, the synchronization with Iran is made much easier, as Tehran Time is UTC+03:30 and Pyongyang Time UTC+08:30 instead of the UTC+09:00. All this, to the benefit of both nations' space programs.

S☫heil_Esy

Newly-built General Satellite Control Centre

May. 4, 2015 Monday

The successful construction of the centre provided a solid springboard for continued launch of various working satellites essential for the country's sci-tech and economic development and national defence.

He went to the room for the education.

He noted that the main room for real-time display of satellite launch, auxiliary display and control room and optical observation room were built to meet the scientific and technological requirements and the visitor's room is very convenient to watching satellite launch.

E-library, lounge, conference room, offices, dinning room and bedrooms are well built to provide the scientists and technicians with enough conditions for their research and living.

He stressed the need to provide more cutting-edge facilities for the centre, build a base in which satellite test can be done.

Peaceful space development is an option taken.

Satellites of Korea will as ever be launched into outer space at the time and locations set by the Central Committee.

2015051135332440.jpg

http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201505/2015051135332440.jpg
http://www.jajusibo.com/serial_read.html?uid=20376&section=sc38


6630852261420523585.1490709091.jpg

http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/6630852261420523585.1490709091.jpg
http://img1.ph.126.net/bDLZyn8NiJaIJjOTBK9g6Q==/6630852261420523585.jpg


6630791788280992333.1490709150.jpg

http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/6630791788280992333.1490709150.jpg
http://img1.ph.126.net/onybv1Z-LSW4v915WljxCA==/6630791788280992333.jpg


6630358580699372464.1490709189.jpg

http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/6630358580699372464.1490709189.jpg
http://img1.ph.126.net/41oNerH_WJClxMq9d4Z_YA==/6630358580699372464.jpg


6630088100838896266.1490709217.jpg

http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/6630088100838896266.1490709217.jpg
http://img1.ph.126.net/LdWoV5ZYqVMKeKiwk4dB0w==/6630088100838896266.jpg


6630730215629828901.1490709256.png

http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/6630730215629828901.1490709256.png
http://img0.ph.126.net/1GwIXU8uNBu0j9mQyQvqCA==/6630730215629828901.png
http://liuqiankktt.blog.163.com/blog/static/121264211201543112651403
Yellow: General Satellite Control Centre; Green: Senior cadres' residential area; Red: Supreme leaderships' residence


http://rodong.rep.kp/en/index.php?strPageID=SF01_02_01&newsID=2015-05-04-0019

Video

KimJongUnvisitsnewSCC.1449458497.jpg

http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/KimJongUnvisitsnewSCC.1449458497.jpg
Screen capture at t=171 seconds
From left to right: Kwangmyongsong-1, Kwangmyongsong-2, Kwangmyongsong-3

[ame="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z9ak5-U6Lr8"]Kim Jong Un visits newly-built Satellite Control Centre - YouTube[/ame]
 
Last edited:

Pipcard

mikusingularity
Addon Developer
Donator
Joined
Nov 7, 2009
Messages
3,709
Reaction score
38
Points
88
Location
Negishima Space Center
You may want to edit your post at the top and remove the NASDA logo - that's Japan's.

Also, I highly doubt that North Korea is going to launch its own manned spacecraft.
 

Soheil_Esy

Fazanavard فضانورد
Joined
Apr 5, 2015
Messages
744
Reaction score
19
Points
18
Part 4

New Lithium Atom-shaped Sci-Tech Complex:lol:

29 October 2015

The complex sprawling over an area of 106 600 square metres is a base for disseminating the achievements in latest science and technology
...
as a comprehensive e-library, as it has stored in its database in an all-round and systematic way the sci-tech books that have already been off press as well as achievements in latest science and technology of our country and advanced sci-tech data of different countries throughout the world
...
a building that can accommodate 500 guests

north-korea-science-technology.jpg

This seems to be the English library, with all the most essential topics for any good scientist: "Elementary Particle Physics in a Nutshell" and "Practical Astronomy"! :thumbup::lol:

north-korea-science-technology.jpg


north-korea-science-technology.jpg


7290b67893c145fab312e2d892f00638.jpg


http://www.uriminzokkiri.com/index.php?ptype=english&no=11686

Video

Published on Oct 28, 2015
NorthKoreaLunarMission.1449464756.jpg

http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/NorthKoreaLunarMission.1449464756.jpg
Note: At t=666 seconds (11m06s), possibly the section dedicated to the future North Korean lunar exploration program (Unha-9), as disclosed back in 2012; Hint at future Phase Two with lunar lander.



Hydrogen Atom-shaped Planetarium:lol:

 
Last edited:

Pipcard

mikusingularity
Addon Developer
Donator
Joined
Nov 7, 2009
Messages
3,709
Reaction score
38
Points
88
Location
Negishima Space Center
  • The logos are intended to demonstrate the NADA's (Asia-pacific) lineage
Although Japan started their spy satellite program (IGS) in response to North Korean missile tests, NASDA had absolutely nothing (in Spanish: "nada") to do with the formation of NADA; there is no lineage between the two agencies. NASDA was one of the predecessors to JAXA.
 
Last edited:

Soheil_Esy

Fazanavard فضانورد
Joined
Apr 5, 2015
Messages
744
Reaction score
19
Points
18
Part 5

North Korean Space Launch Sites


North Korean first space center: Tonghae Satellite Launch Center (동해위성발사센터, 東海衛星發射中心, East Sea SLC)









North Korean second space center: Sohae Satellite Launch Center (서해위성발사센터, 西海衛星發射中心, West Sea SLC)








North Korean overseas space tracking stations

2012/12/13

Ahead of the [Kwangmyongsong-3-2 satellite] launch, [North Korea] had sent [space] scientists and equipment in late November to some Asian nations, like China, Mongolia and Indonesia, said a senior source in Seoul.

"It appears that the equipment set up in China and Mongolia is aimed at tracking the satellite," spokesman Kim said. "Because the satellite circles very fast, it briefly passes through North Korea. Therefore, several regions need antennas to track it."

http://english.yonhapnews.co.kr/national/2012/12/13/63/0301000000AEN20121213005153315F.HTML

The Iranian Space Agency (ISA) operates 5 tracking stations: Karaj, Tabriz, Qeshm, Bushehr and Mashhad.
http://www.isa.ir/components1.php?rQV==wHQxAkOklUZnFWdn5WYMJXZ0VWbhJ XYw9lZ8BEO0UDQ6QWStVGdp9lZ8BUM4ATMApDZJ52bpR3Yh9lZ

0304134mm7bh4uhfdb9uf8.jpg
 
Last edited:

Pipcard

mikusingularity
Addon Developer
Donator
Joined
Nov 7, 2009
Messages
3,709
Reaction score
38
Points
88
Location
Negishima Space Center
We are not talking about agencies, but acronyms.

So, the NASDA as an acronym is the source of inspiration for the North Korean Space agency's own acronym, thus NADA.

As the NASA acronym was the source for the Japanese own NASDA acronym.

I also doubt that the acronym NADA was specifically based on NASDA. "NADA" was established in 2014. Japan hasn't had "NASDA" since 2003 when it became part of JAXA.
 

Artlav

Aperiodic traveller
Addon Developer
Beta Tester
Joined
Jan 7, 2008
Messages
5,789
Reaction score
778
Points
203
Location
Earth
Website
orbides.org
Preferred Pronouns
she/her
Fun fact: In Russian NADA is a child-speak word for "I need this!"
 

Artlav

Aperiodic traveller
Addon Developer
Beta Tester
Joined
Jan 7, 2008
Messages
5,789
Reaction score
778
Points
203
Location
Earth
Website
orbides.org
Preferred Pronouns
she/her
Nadezhda, Nadya for short, can be both hope and a pretty woman.
No surprise there, accounting for a little lingual drift.
 

Pipcard

mikusingularity
Addon Developer
Donator
Joined
Nov 7, 2009
Messages
3,709
Reaction score
38
Points
88
Location
Negishima Space Center
"NAtional Space Development Agency" and "National Aerospace Development Adminstration" do look and sound similar, but it's probably just a coincidence.
 

Soheil_Esy

Fazanavard فضانورد
Joined
Apr 5, 2015
Messages
744
Reaction score
19
Points
18
Part 6

Pre-Space Age Era Korean major milestones

2016020129412358.jpg

http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016020129412358.jpg
http://changesk.blogspot.com/2016/02/blog-post.html
1395 star map based on a Goguryeo Kingdom era (37 BC–668 AD) sky map.


Earlier Korean development in rocketry

Successful reverse engineering of black powder in Korea

The Koreans had tried to acquire rockets and black powder and their production methods from China. The Chinese, however, regarded the technology of black powder as a state secret and restricted access to it and trade in its nitrous raw materials (which could only be found in China). The Koreans therefore sought to acquire the manufacturing secrets of black powder for themselves and, in 1374 (~1376), Choe Mu Son was able to bribe a Han Chinese merchant to obtain the secret formula for manufacturing black powder, as well as technical knowledge about Chinese firearm and cannon technology. He also successfully extracted potassium nitrate from the soil and rocks, and developed Korea's first black powder.

http://seer.snu.ac.kr/trip/anc-4.html

Choe Mu Son, Inventor of Powder Weapons

September 29. 2011 Juch 100

Pyongyang, September 29 (KCNA) -- Choe Mu Son (최무선, 崔茂宣) (1326-1395) invented powder and powder weapons for the first time in Korea.

Choe suffered from the Japanese invasion in his childhood. After a decade of strenuous efforts, he succeeded in inventing powder and powder weapons.

Among his inventions are cannons and shells of different shapes.

He reshaped vessels to be suitable for powder weapons.

He was also a famous military commander. Under his command, some 100 cannon-equipped vessels of Koryo, the first united state of Korea, won a big victory in a battle with 500 Japanese vessels in the sea off Jinpho in Aug. 1380.

It was the first gun battle in the sea in the world, with such battle waged in Europe in 1571.

http://www.kcna.co.jp/item/2011/201109/news29/20110929-41ee.html

Korean anti-ship ballistic weapon

Large-size guns for naval warfare with ASBW (대장군전) developed by Choe Mu Son

The Choson Dynasty missile was originally made from the concept of a big arrow. According to the 'Vernacular Explanation of the Technique of Using Firearms' (화포식언해, 火砲式諺解) published in the year 1335 (1635) after the Japanese invasion of Imjin War, the weapon was made from two years old wood, weighing about 33.7 kg. It is said to have reached about 1.6 km. He attached iron stabilizer fins, and iron bullets to the warhead.

After carrying out restoration work at the Naval Academy, it was reported that it could penetrated 80cm granite as a result of shooting experiments with actual gunpowder. It is believed that if this was the case, it would have been possible to sink a boat made of wood at the time of the Japanese invasion. At that time, there was a record that soldiers were confused by this Choson Dynasty weapon of terror.


37508FE854CF4C059BFEBD594510E05C.png

http://210.178.100.31/upload/tour/content/thumb/20151013/37508FE854CF4C059BFEBD594510E05C.png
http://210.178.100.31/page.do?pageS...&srchSearchArea=&con_uid=25697&pageNo=3&cmd=2
ASBW developed by Choe Mu Son


2016122710291750951_3.jpg

http://cphoto.asiae.co.kr/listimglink/6/2016122710291750951_3.jpg
http://military.asiae.co.kr/view.htm?sec=military1&uid=2016122710291750951
Modern firing of an ASBW developed by Choe Mu Son


photo553797.png

http://www.hancinema.net/photos/photo553797.png
http://www.hancinema.net/hancinema-s-image-gallery-the-admiral-roaring-currents-@-24fps-77679.html
https://namu.wiki/w/대장군전
"The Admiral: Roaring Currents" movie scene of an ASBW developed by Choe Mu Son


http://military.asiae.co.kr/view.htm?sec=military1&uid=2016122710291750951

The largest rocket weapon of the 15th century

2014.05.27

Dae Singijeon Rocket (대신기전, 大神機箭, Great Divine Weapon) with 2 km range and maximum 3 km range, a mass of 5 kg (3 kg of solid propellant), 102mm diameter, and a lenght of 5.6 meters developed in 1448 AD.

2015042701899_0.jpg

http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201504/27/2015042701899_0.jpg
http://premium.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2015/04/27/2015042701997.html



173813174C4000D468B762

http://cfile227.uf.daum.net/image/173813174C4000D468B762
http://blog.daum.net/bae6607/7847795


http://blog.daum.net/haedod/15671566

Korea's 15th century first two stage rocket

2014.05.27

Sanhwa Singijeon Rocket (산화신기전, 散火神機箭, Fire Scattering Divine Weapon) with 2.4 km range and maximum 3.4 km range, 135mm diameter, and a lenght of 5.3 meters, developed in 1448 AD.
Korea's first two stage rocket, with iron fragmentation warhead. World's only second two stage rocket, after China's Huolong chushui (火龙出水) ~1403 AD (https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/火龍神器陣法 )


http://m.blog.daum.net/philook/15719946?categoryId=682439

Earlier Korean development in manned flight

Haneul daramjui (하늘다람쥐, 「天松鼠」: Sky Squirrel)

yamisora.jpg

http://www.tougewo-koete.jp/animal/momonga/2/yamisora.jpg
http://www.tougewo-koete.jp/animal/momonga/momonga02.html
モモンガの特徴でもある移動手段が滑空です。通常は20~30mの飛行距離ですが時折、50m以上もあるところから滑空してくることもあります。音も無く飛んできますがモモンガの目は、真剣です
Front cam view


original.jpg

http://photo1.ganref.jp/photo/0/beda518d6fa4c7dd81be3ac8cc8f408c/original.jpg
http://ganref.jp/m/toyose/portfolios/photo_detail/beda518d6fa4c7dd81be3ac8cc8f408c
エゾモモンガの飛行シーン
Front cam view



a0145819_2122293.jpg

http://pds.exblog.jp/pds/1/201508/17/19/a0145819_2122293.jpg
http://yah55.exblog.jp/21557227/
フライング・モモ
Side cam view



b0189415_20195788.jpg

http://pds.exblog.jp/pds/1/201508/01/15/b0189415_20195788.jpg
http://troutinn.exblog.jp/24748009/
モモンガ滑空 (2015/08/01) の記事画像
Ground cam view



b0189415_1991587.jpg

http://pds.exblog.jp/pds/1/201509/01/15/b0189415_1991587.jpg
http://troutinn.exblog.jp/24846530/
エゾモモンガ (2015/09/01) の記事画像
Rear cam view



The endangered animal, designated as Natural Monument No. 328, is named "haneul daramjui," or "sky squirrel."

http://app.yonhapnews.co.kr/YNA/Bas...aspx?lang=EN&contents_id=PYH20150407028400341


Korea's 16th century flying vehicle

2010.07.16

Pikŏ, Flying Vehicle in Joseon Dynasty


Pikŏ (비거, 飛車; alternative romanization 'Bigeo') is a flying vehicle which is known to be produced by Jeong Pyeonggu in 1590s and can fly the sky like airplanes. The vehicle, which is recorded in ancient documents, is 300 years ahead of western countries who started developing airplanes in early 20 centuries. Bigeo had a large leather bag at the center of the body filled with compressed air, and when a cap under the bag was opened, can fly upward by the reactive force of the compressed air ejected through the hole.

1331E7164C3FFEDA5F6256

http://cfile222.uf.daum.net/image/1331E7164C3FFEDA5F6256
http://blog.daum.net/bae6607/7847795


1731E7164C3FFEDB64A3E0

http://cfile233.uf.daum.net/image/1731E7164C3FFEDB64A3E0
https://www.google.com/culturalinst...ying-vehicle-in-joseon-dynasty/sAEQ4ZQEdXD_kg
Pikŏ, Flying Vehicle during Joseon Dynasty, Gwacheon National Science Museum



1331E7164C3FFEDA61E5C2

http://cfile227.uf.daum.net/image/1331E7164C3FFEDA61E5C2
http://blog.daum.net/bae6607/7847795


1231E7164C3FFEDA608054

http://cfile204.uf.daum.net/image/1231E7164C3FFEDA608054
http://blog.daum.net/bae6607/7847795


1631E7164C3FFEDB6309FC

http://cfile223.uf.daum.net/image/1631E7164C3FFEDB6309FC
http://blog.daum.net/bae6607/7847795


http://blog.daum.net/bae6607/7847795

2016/06/01

Pikŏ, which means flying vehicle, is a platform that Jung Pyung Gu (정평구, 鄭平九)(1566-1624), an inventor of the Joseon Dynasty, made and used during the Japanese invasion.

Pikŏ was a full-fledged flying vehicle, with a crew of two people, and capable of achieving a ~12 km controlled flight.

The maneuvering method is to pull string attached to the wing by hand and to press the foot plate attached to the tail wing.

It is made of bamboo and paper.

http://www.yonhapnews.co.kr/bulletin/2016/06/01/0200000000AKR20160601122600005.HTML

December 09, 2000

The first model of Korea's non-motorized aviation model, which is recorded in the literature, is displayed at the Air Force Academy Museum and is open to the general public.

The air force made a half-size model of the restoration (length 6.3, width 11.5, gross weight 32.5 kg) restored with materials such as bamboo, paper, etc,
The Air Force official said that although the existence of a blueprint is unclear, and not recognized as orthodoxy, but it unequivocality shows that the Korean people has used aircraft for military purposes more than 300 years before the Wright brothers.

http://www.munhwa.com/news/view.html?no=2000120901032225025004

North Korean space launchers


UH20clearPTS-1-2UH-1-2-3-9-18.1493428526.jpg

http://ipic.su/img/img7/fs/UH20clearPTS-1-2UH-1-2-3-9-18.1493428526.jpg
http://img2.ph.126.net/lumZUdY3AQwJ9YgUL2x-0g==/6630106792535929739.jpg
http://keaver.blog.163.com/blog/static/4718519420092232816839/
From letft to right: Paektusan-1, Paektusan-2, Unha-1, Unha-2, Unha-3, and speculatives Unha-9, Unha-18, Unha-20.


2016092633561419.png

http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201609/2016092633561419.png
http://www.jajusibo.com/sub_read.html?uid=29662&section=sc38
May 2, 2015 photo from General Satellite Control Center's exhibition room.
From left to right: models of Paektusan-1, Unha-2, Unha-3 LVs.



Paektusan (백두산, 白头山: Mount Paektu) LV

Glossary

Mar 22, 2012

Kwangmyongsong (Korean for guiding light or Polar Star) refers to the late Kim Jong Il. The name was given by the members of the anti-Japanese guerrilla army when he was born at a secret camp on snow-covered Mt Paektu, expressing their desire that he would grow into a Korean "King David".

http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Korea/NC22Dg01.html

1e44ae5ab365839e7b77ce01b66881e6.jpg

http://cms-bucket.nosdn.127.net/cat...b77ce01b66881e6.jpg?imageView&thumbnail=550x0
http://news.163.com/17/0326/06/CGEDDDTH0001875O.html#sns_weibo

http://www.dprktoday.com/index.php?type=2&no=19018



taep.png

http://gallery.military.ir/albums/userpics/10206/taep.png
http://www.military.ir/forums/topic/26851-گالری-نیروی-زمینی-کره-شمالی/page-2
1998 Paektusan-1 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-1, rear view on the four jet vanes of the first stage


Paektusan LV's Rodong first stage

Jun 12, 2009

A prototype ICBM was assembled by the end of the 1980s. Two prototype ICBMs were test-fired on May 29, 1993, with one splashing down off Honolulu and the other off Guam. The Kim Jong Il administration gave an advance notice to the US government of the long-range missile test.

http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Korea/KF12Dg01.html


Paektusan LV's third stage

117961_52709_2240.jpg

http://www.tongilnews.com/news/photo/201608/117961_52709_2240.jpg
http://www.tongilnews.com/news/articleView.html?idxno=117961
Model of North Korea's first unsuccessful experimental satellite Kwangmyongsong-1 under its payload shroud as displayed at the Three Revolutions Exhibition Hall.
 
Last edited:

Soheil_Esy

Fazanavard فضانورد
Joined
Apr 5, 2015
Messages
744
Reaction score
19
Points
18
Part 7

North Korean space launchers

Unha (은하, 銀河: Milky Way) LV


Glossary

Mar 22, 2012

Unha is the Korean word for the Milky Way, but also refers to present Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un as a heaven-sent statesman set to lead the ancestral Land of Morning Calm to millennium prosperity.

http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Korea/NC22Dg01.html



20170326-k1-02-2.jpg

http://www.dprktoday.com/content/gisa/2017/20170326-k1-02-2.jpg

http://www.dprktoday.com/index.php?type=2&no=19066


2016021101683_0.jpg

http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201602/11/2016021101683_0.jpg
http://photo.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/02/11/2016021101770.html
February 2016 Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4, side view


1455175030118320.1491157284.jpg

http://www.chinaspaceflight.com/usr/uploads/2016/02/11/1455175030118320.jpg
http://blog.wenxuecity.com/blog/frontend.php?act=articlePrint&blogId=34735&date=201602&postId=616071
February 2016 Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4, side view


2015051137439063.jpg

http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201505/2015051137439063.jpg
North Korean Unha-3 in the Sohae SLC's rocket assembly building, April 2012
http://www.jajusibo.com/serial_read.html?uid=20376&section=sc38


1455175030137005.1491157320.jpg

http://www.chinaspaceflight.com/usr/uploads/2016/02/11/1455175030137005.jpg
http://blog.wenxuecity.com/blog/frontend.php?act=articlePrint&blogId=34735&date=201602&postId=616071
February 2016 Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4, bottom view


[/img]http://www.japantimes.co.jp/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/f-missile-b-20170419.jpg[/img]
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/f-missile-b-20170419.jpg
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/20...em-failed-missile-launch-expert/#.WPVOLdLythE
First, second and third stages of the Unha-3 space launch vehicle model, displayed at the Sci-Tech Complex in Pyongyang, on Apr 18, 2017.


[/img]http://www.japantimes.co.jp/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/f-missile-a-20170419.jpg[/img]
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/f-missile-a-20170419.jpg
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/20...em-failed-missile-launch-expert/#.WPVOLdLythE
First stage of the Unha-3 space launch vehicle model, displayed at the Sci-Tech Complex in Pyongyang, on Apr 18, 2017.


Unha LV's first stage

C7geX-sXQAAm32a.1491153328.jpg

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/C7geX-sXQAAm32a.jpg
https://twitter.com/stoa1984/status/844458503574110214
Photogrammetric measurements of first stage from video of the February 2016's Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4



C7geZB1W0AAQx-c.1491153351.jpg

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/C7geZB1W0AAQx-c.jpg
https://twitter.com/stoa1984/status/844458503574110214
Photogrammetric measurements of first stage from video of the February 2016's Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4



2016/02/15


[/img]http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016021550049428.jpg[/img]
February 2016 Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4, bottom view.

There are four main engine nozzles, and four auxiliary engine nozzles painted white are arranged at regular intervals. The four main engines are fixed.
The four auxiliary vernier engines are designed to move up and down to 36 degrees, controlled by a gyro-stabilized autopilot.

The South Korean Ministry of National Defense estimated the thrust of one single Unha-3-2's main engine launched in 2012 to 27 tons, and the thrust of one single auxiliary vernier engine to 3 tons.
They estimated the thrust of the first stage to 120 tons, the thrust of the second stage to 30 tons, and the thrust of the third stage to less than 10 tons respectively.

However, the new Unha LV launched in 2016, is fitted with improved engines developing increased thrust, so the first stage has a thrust of 150 tons, the second stage has a thrust of 50 tons, and the third stage is estimated to produce 20 tons of thrust.

Stages are separated by Mild Detonating Fuze (MDF)

Six acceleration motors on the interstage section between stages 1 and 2 are used to boost stage 2, while four braking motors on stage 1 slow it slightly.

[/img]http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016021552096365.jpg[/img]
http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016021552096365.jpg
http://www.jajusibo.com/sub_read.html?uid=25927
February 2016 Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4, interstage section between stages 1 and 2: first stage separation


[/img]http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016021552096365.jpg[/img]
http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016021552096365.jpg
http://www.jajusibo.com/sub_read.html?uid=25927
February 2016 Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4, interstage section between stages 1 and 2: interstage separation


http://www.jajusibo.com/sub_read.html?uid=25927&section=sc38&section2


2012-12-23 14:02

Two days after the lift-off, South Korea’s Navy retrieved a large cylindrical fuel tank 7.6 meters long and 2.4 meters in diameter which is believed to be the upper part of the first-stage rocket that also included a fuel tank and a combustion chamber.

After examining the 3.2-ton wreckage with the sign “Unha” written in Korean on it, a team of 42 South Korean military, rocket and missile experts has concluded that the wreckage is an oxidizer container, which stored red fuming nitric acid, to fuel the rocket’s first-stage propellant.
...
The wreckage retrieved has four holes on the bottom, which are believed to be used to supply the oxidizer to the fuel tank
...
The rocket itself was made of an alloy of aluminum and magnesium, AlMg6, and was equipped with a camera tasked with monitoring engines, a propellant motor and fuel pipelines on its side, according to the report.
...
Poor welding and uneven surface shows that North Korea seems to have no advanced technology in that area, the report said.

Some components, including a compression sensor and electric wires, were identified as imported, the report said, but there were no materials that have violated the Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)

http://nwww.koreaherald.com/common_prog/newsprint.php?ud=20121223000184&dt=2


2016.02.03

North Korea's rocket engines are connected to turbopumps that are powered by high-temperature high-pressure gas generated when kerosene, which is used in aviation, and nitric acid, which is an oxidizer, are combined.

http://www.ohmynews.com/NWS_Web/Vie...2180023&PAGE_CD=ET001&BLCK_NO=1&CMPT_CD=T0016


2017-03-20

Vernier engine debris from Kwangmyongsong LV's first stage as captured by S. Korea on February 2016, indicates it burnes Red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) / kerosene propellants.

http://view.inews.qq.com/a/20170320A0AZKV00


2016.04.27

Anti-corrosion fluorine component added to the fuel of Kwangmyongsong LV in February 2016, not present in the 2012 wreckage.

http://photo.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/04/27/2016042702788.html

[/img]http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/a37apf6t3cqycz8ibzer.jpg[/img]
http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/a37apf6t3cqycz8ibzer.jpg
http://forum.zeyroon.com/topic/737-گالری-تصاویر-ماهواره-بر-سفیر-2-سيمرغ/
Some difference between Unha-3-1 and Unha-3-2 first stage engine bay, as well as their position on launch pad.


[/img]http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/sfyyxrpsy5jrr0p5vbfa.jpg[/img]
http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/sfyyxrpsy5jrr0p5vbfa.jpg
http://forum.zeyroon.com/topic/737-گالری-تصاویر-ماهواره-بر-سفیر-2-سيمرغ/
Unha-3-2 first stage engine bay, and position on launch pad.



896e7985.jpg

http://livedoor.blogimg.jp/bandoalpha/imgs/8/9/896e7985.jpg
http://bandoalpha.blog.jp/archives/2016-02-15.html
Interstage skirt from Unha-3's first/second stage and rodong engine as captured by S. Korea on 23 December 2013
S. Korean estimation: first stage: 15 meters; second stage: 9.3 meters; third stage: 3.7 meters; payload fairings: 2 meters; total lenght: 30 meters, mass: 91 tons.


20130121124508083.jpg

http://i2.media.daumcdn.net/photo-media/201301/21/yonhap/20130121124508083.jpg
http://wetgeo.com/webboard_detail.php?webID=4069
Interstage skirt from Unha-3's first/second stage and rodong engine as captured by S. Korea on 23 December 2013
First stage powered by four rodong main engines, and steered by four verniers.
S. Korean estimation: first stage: 15 meters; second stage: 9.3 meters; third stage: 3.7 meters; payload fairings: 2 meters; total lenght: 30 meters, mass: 91 tons.



[/img]http://mblogthumb1.phinf.naver.net/20130505_28/citrain64_1367743960694vjsp6_PNG/%B1%D7%B8%B26.png?type=w2[/img]
http://mblogthumb1.phinf.naver.net/...7743960694vjsp6_PNG/%B1%D7%B8%B26.png?type=w2
http://m.blog.naver.com/citrain64/100187313821
Oxidizer flow controler, vernier engine debris from Kwangmyongsong-3-2's first stage as captured by S. Korea on December 2012



00123f3112a81235115d25.jpg

http://images.china.cn/attachement/jpg/site1000/20121214/00123f3112a81235115d25.jpg
http://www.china.com.cn/military/2012-12/14/content_27417020.htm
Part of first stage of Unha-3 as captured by S. Korea on 14 December 2012 at 430 km from launch site, by 80 meters deep: 7.6 meters lenght, 2.4 meters diameter.


00123f3112a81235115e26.jpg

http://images.china.cn/attachement/jpg/site1000/20121214/00123f3112a81235115e26.jpg
http://www.china.com.cn/military/2012-12/14/content_27417020_2.htm
Part of first stage of Unha-3 as captured by S. Korea on 14 December 2012


00123f3112a81235115e27.jpg

http://images.china.cn/attachement/jpg/site1000/20121214/00123f3112a81235115e27.jpg
http://www.china.com.cn/military/2012-12/14/content_27417020_3.htm
Part of first stage of Unha-3 as captured by S. Korea on 14 December 2012


00123f3112a81235115e28.jpg

http://images.china.cn/attachement/jpg/site1000/20121214/00123f3112a81235115e28.jpg
http://www.hinews.cn/news/system/2012/12/14/015242082.shtml
Part of first stage of Unha-3 as captured by S. Korea on 14 December 2012



xes_ead440859c62fd647ab3b45cb1aaa47a.jpg

http://y1.ifengimg.com/f04c9b92453d105f/2012/1229/xes_ead440859c62fd647ab3b45cb1aaa47a.jpg
http://news.ifeng.com/photo/hdnews/detail_2012_12/29/20661389_0.shtml?_114sobiaoqian#p=1
Rodong engine from Unha-3's first stage as captured by S. Korea on 27 December 2012



[/img]http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_0.jpg[/img]
http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_0.jpg
http://photo.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/04/27/2016042702788.html
Four Rodong engines from Kwangmyongsong LV's first stage as captured by S. Korea on February 2016
Anti-corrosion fluorine component added to the fuel in February 2016, not present in the 2012 wreckage.


[/img]http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_1.jpg[/img]
http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_1.jpg
http://photo.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/04/27/2016042702788.html
Single Rodong engines from Kwangmyongsong LV's first stage as captured by S. Korea on February 2016


[/img]http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_2.jpg[/img]
http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_2.jpg
http://photo.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/04/27/2016042702788.html
Interstage skirt from Kwangmyongsong LV's first stage as captured by S. Korea on February 2016


[/img]http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_3.jpg[/img]
http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_3.jpg
http://photo.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/04/27/2016042702788.html
White paint over a blue 3 (present in 2012's Unha-3) itself covering the letter 성 (from Kwangmyongsong광명성), on fuel tank from Kwangmyongsong LV's first stage as captured by S. Korea on February 2016


[/img]http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_4.jpg[/img]
http://image.chosun.com/sitedata/image/201604/27/2016042702704_4.jpg
http://photo.chosun.com/site/data/html_dir/2016/04/27/2016042702788.html
Turbopump debris from Kwangmyongsong LV's first stage as captured by S. Korea on February 2016



[/img]http://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/1287367182/0[/img]
http://inews.gtimg.com/newsapp_match/0/1287367182/0
http://view.inews.qq.com/a/20170320A0AZKV00
Vernier engine debris from Kwangmyongsong LV's first stage as captured by S. Korea on February 2016
Red fuming nitric acid (RFNA) / kerosene propellant vernier engine.



xes_b22edecd45a6752a5af309856db896f7.jpg

http://y1.ifengimg.com/f04c9b92453d105f/2012/1229/xes_b22edecd45a6752a5af309856db896f7.jpg
http://news.ifeng.com/photo/hdnews/detail_2012_12/29/20661389_0.shtml?_114sobiaoqian#p=4
Gas tanks from Unha-3's first stage as captured by S. Korea on 23 December 2012



F9C647A41AA17E1E4BF5D45FC8CD8E5F.jpeg

http://img003.21cnimg.com/photos/album/20160211/m600/F9C647A41AA17E1E4BF5D45FC8CD8E5F.jpeg
http://www.takefoto.cn/viewnews-676651.html
Interstage skirt from Unha-3(KMS)'s first/second stage and rodong engine as captured by S. Korea on 11 January 2016


0EB07E9C737468014967EE976EC59A4D.jpeg

http://img001.21cnimg.com/photos/album/20160211/m600/0EB07E9C737468014967EE976EC59A4D.jpeg
http://www.takefoto.cn/viewnews-676651.html
Rodong engine from Unha-3(KMS) as captured by S. Korea on 11 January 2016


C3BA1455469D49DA949D25EFCEEFB3C3.jpeg

http://img001.21cnimg.com/photos/album/20160211/m600/C3BA1455469D49DA949D25EFCEEFB3C3.jpeg
http://www.takefoto.cn/viewnews-676651.html
Interstage skirt from Unha-3(KMS)'s first/second stage and rodong engine as captured by S. Korea on 11 January 2016



Unha LV's second stage


2016/02/15

The South Korean Ministry of National Defense estimated the thrust of the Unha-3-2 main engine launched in 2012 to 27 tons, and the thrust of one single auxiliary vernier engine to 3 tons.
They estimated the thrust of the first stage to 120 tons, the thrust of the second stage to 30 tons, and the thrust of the third stage to less than 10 tons respectively.

However, the new Unha LV launched in 2016, is fitted with improved engines developing increased thrust, so the first stage has a thrust of 150 tons, the second stage has a thrust of 50 tons, and the third stage is estimated to produce 20 tons of thrust.


http://www.jajusibo.com/sub_read.html?uid=25927&section=sc38&section2

C7SsJ01VoAACX6K.1491153538.jpg

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/C7SsJ01VoAACX6K.jpg
https://twitter.com/stoa1984/status/843488616189906946
Photogrammetric speculations on the second stage from video of the February 2016's Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4


Cupc70fVYAAl0PO.1491155197.jpg

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/Cupc70fVYAAl0PO.jpg
https://twitter.com/stoa1984/status/786544108965797888
Other speculations about the Unha-3-2's second stage: "More likely a main engine with 4 verniers"


[/img]http://pds.joins.com/news/component/htmlphoto_mmdata/201703/23/6525d3a8-2284-4944-80b6-3f28c44027ed.jpg[/img]
http://pds.joins.com/news/component...3/23/6525d3a8-2284-4944-80b6-3f28c44027ed.jpg
http://news.joins.com/article/21396891
Schematic showing a rocket stage powered by a new Rodong engine with 4 verniers, taken aboard the North Korean "Kuwol Mountain" cargo ship captured in 1999.


[/img]https://img.sbs.co.kr/newimg/news/20170209/201021799.jpg[/img]
https://img.sbs.co.kr/newimg/news/20170209/201021799.jpg
https://gokoreans.com/bbs/board.php?bo_table=sbs&wr_id=17009
Separation rockets not yet installed on the interstage skirt, first and second stages of the Unha-3 LV


[/img]http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/umu5i5iazk8nu31j0.jpg[/img]
http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/umu5i5iazk8nu31j0.jpg
http://forum.zeyroon.com/topic/737-گالری-تصاویر-ماهواره-بر-سفیر-2-سيمرغ/
Separation rockets without covers on the interstage skirt and second stage of Unha-3


[/img]http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/muemtlyl4it8c6cmbkrk.jpg[/img]
http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/muemtlyl4it8c6cmbkrk.jpg
http://forum.zeyroon.com/topic/737-گالری-تصاویر-ماهواره-بر-سفیر-2-سيمرغ/
Separation rockets without covers on the interstage skirt and first stage of Unha-3



[/img]http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/ixtf8v5pqf91hzjdca.jpg[/img]
http://upload.tehran98.com/img1/ixtf8v5pqf91hzjdca.jpg
http://forum.zeyroon.com/topic/737-گالری-تصاویر-ماهواره-بر-سفیر-2-سيمرغ/
Separation rockets without covers on the interstage skirt and first stage of Unha-3



Unha LV's third stage

2016/02/15


2016021558459351.jpg

http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016021558459351.jpg


[/img]http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016021559476542.jpg[/img]
http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016021559476542.jpg
http://www.jajusibo.com/sub_read.html?uid=25927
February 2016 Unha-3 used to launch Kwangmyongsong-4: third stage, just before satellite separation



Payload fairing size

2016021555447345.jpg

http://www.jajusibo.com/imgdata/jajuilbo_com/201602/2016021555447345.jpg

The South Korean Ministry of National Defense estimated the captured payload fairing of the Unha LV used to launched Kwangmyongsong-4 in 2016, to have a a height of 1m95cm, a diameter of 1m25cm.


Payload capability

it is estimated that the Kwangmyongsong LV (launched in 2016) has a payload capacity of 1,000kg.

http://www.jajusibo.com/sub_read.html?uid=25927&section=sc38&section2

CuuMwhiUAAArvbg.1491154756.jpg

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/CuuMwhiUAAArvbg.jpg
https://twitter.com/stoa1984/status/786877426101911552
Unha-2's third stage: Kwangmyongsong-2 satellite inside the Unha-2 from a poster at the Pyongyang Space Museum


ClI5BUFUoAUy8tj.1491156137.jpg

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/ClI5BUFUoAUy8tj.jpg
https://twitter.com/paramilipic/status/743719588542582786
Unha-3-2's payload fairing


ClI4KoNVYAAxdxJ.1491156248.jpg

https://pbs.twimg.com/media/ClI4KoNVYAAxdxJ.jpg
https://twitter.com/paramilipic/status/743718648397725697
Unha-3-2's payload fairing



Unha LV's launch preparation

February 2, 2016

In Sohae SLC, when the Unha LV on the mobile transfer structure is moved 150m to the gantry tower, the process of injecting liquid fuel into the first and second stage can start.
The Unha LV is injected with liquid fuel in the first stage and second stage, and the solid fuel is charged in the third stage.

Liquid fuel is injected from an automated underground fuel injection facility.

It can be done quickly within 24 hours. Before this modern fueling facility was built, fuel injection took three days.

The liquid fuel injected into the Unha LV is divided into propulsion fuel and starting fuel. Propellant fuel is used to propel the Unha LV to earth orbit and starter fuel is used to ignite the rocket engine at launch. The propellant is injected 48 hours before the launch time, and the starter fuel is injected 24 hours before the launch time.

Unha LV are launched with low humidity and low wind speed to avoid the danger of malfunction due to the generation of static electricity in various electronic devices installed in the propulsion module. Considering these weather conditions, we set the launch time first, then inject the starter fuel 24 hours before the launch time.

All satellites are launched when the sky is sunny. Therefore satellites can receive the maximum amount of solar energy. If the satellite that entered the earth's orbit is flying in the shadow of the earth and can not receive solar energy, it will consume too much electricity of its onboard battery and shorten its service life.

In some case, the movable assembly structure can be moved 48 hours after the Unha LV is assembled on the launch pad, meaning that a launch can occur two days after a LV is mounted.

Final order to launch a rocket can be issued with a 2 hours notice as in December 12, 2012 (order at 8:00, launch at 10:00).


http://changesk.blogspot.com/2016/02/blog-post.html
 
Last edited:
Top